The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.01.004

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 26-31.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.01.004

Previous Articles Next Articles

The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present

WANG Qi, SHI Shang-li, CAO Wen-xia

College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Provine 730070, China

Received:2016-05-16 Revised:2016-12-14 Online:2017-02-15 Published:2017-05-06

当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策

王琦, 师尚礼, 曹文侠

甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

通讯作者: 师尚礼,E-mail:shishl@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:王琦(1970-),男,甘肃陇西人,博士,副教授,主要从事牧草、作物和草坪节水灌溉技术,E-mail:wangqigsau@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家牧草产业技术体系项目（CARS-35）资助

Abstract

Abstract:

The pasture-crop system, including arable lands and grasslands, is food resource and habitats for human beings and animals. This system is confronting serious threats from climate change, population increase and water and energy shortages. In order to improve land productivity and to feed the increasing population, some developed and developing countries have converted grasslands to arable lands during the last few decades. Grasslands were substituted by arable lands and be changed into simplified systems, which were associated with a substantial decline in biodiversity and habitats loss, degradation and fragmentation. Many researchers and scientists have suggested strategies and policies implementing in international pasture-crop systems. Those strategies and policies include pasture and crop rotation, crop planting cooperative development with pasture planting and livestock feeding, Scientific grazing and feeding management, and the same preferential policy for both crop planting and pasture planting. Those strategies and policies not only increase lands productivity, but also protect the ecological environment, which are beneficial to human sustainable development.

Key words: International pasture-crop system, Threat, Resolution

摘要：

草田是人类和动物等的食物资源和栖息环境，具有涵养水源、保护生态多样性、减缓气候变化和维持地区可持续发展等作用。目前气候变化、人口增加、水资源和能源资源短缺等对国际草田资源带来严重威胁。为了提高土地生产力，养活不断增加的人口，近几十年大部分国家将半自然状态草地转变农耕地，农耕地管理引起动生物多样性降低和植物群落栖息环境碎片化、退化和消失等。如果国际草田实施粮草轮作、粮草畜协同发展、科学放牧和饲养管理、粮草同等种植优惠政策等，不仅可以提高土地生产力，而且有利于保护生态环境和人类生存可持续发展。

关键词: 国际草田耕作, 威胁, 对策

CLC Number:

WANG Qi, SHI Shang-li, CAO Wen-xia. The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(1): 26-31.

王琦, 师尚礼, 曹文侠. 当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(1): 26-31.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.01.004

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/Y2017/V25/I1/26

References

[1] 邢福,周景英,金永君,等. 我国草田轮作的历史、理论与实践概览[J]. 草业学报,2011,20(3):245-255
[2] 孙醒东. 草田耕作制及其在我国实行的情况[J]. 生物学通报,1954(5):1-5
[3] 虎德钰,毛桂莲,许兴. 不同草田轮作方式对土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报,2014,23(9):106-113
[4] 王琦,师尚礼,曹文侠. 国际草田耕作制度研究进展[J]. 草原与草坪,2013,33(2):85-91
[5] Ojima D S, Parton W J, Schimel D S, et al. Modelling the effects of climatic and CO₂ changes on grassland storage of soil C[J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution,1993,70:643-657
[6] Reynolds S G, Batello C, Baas S, et al. Grasslands and forage to improve live hoods and reduce poverty[C]. Proceedings of the XXth International Grassland Congress, Dublin, Ireland,2005:323-338
[7] Lindsay B A, Richard H B, Keith P, et al. Diversity, trends, opportunities and challenges in Australian grasslands -meeting the sustainability and productivity imperatives of the future [C]. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress, Australia,2013:28-41
[8] Carlier L, Rotar I, Vlahova M, et al. Importance and functions of grasslands[J]. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj,2009,37(1):25-30
[9] Millar J, Connell J. Strategies for scaling out impacts from agricultural systems change: the case of forages and livestock production in Laos[J]. Agriculture and Human Values,2010,27:213-225
[10] 奥海玮,谢应忠,李永宏,等. APSIM模型对宁夏海原地区草田轮作系统的适应性[J]. 草地学报,2016,24(1):146-155
[11] 王建立,刘洪来,杨丰,等. 贵州人工草地-农田景观土壤水分界面研究[J]. 草地学报, 2015,23(4):697-702
[12] Tony B, Camille R, Li P, et al. Community-Based Grassland Management in Western China [J]. Mountain Research and Development,2003,23(2):132-140
[13] Jane Q. Double threat for Tibet- Climate change and human development are jeopardizing the plateau's fragile environment[J]. Nature,512:240-241
[14] Zhang Y J, Huang D, Badgery W B, et al. Reduced grazing pressure delivers production and environmental benefits for the typical steppe of north China[J]. Scientific Reports,2015,DOI: 10.1038/srep16434
[15] Wretenberg J, Lindstrom A, Svensson S, et al. Linking agricultural policies to population trends of Swedish farmland birds in different agricultural regions[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,44(5):933-941
[16] Part T, Soderstrom B. Conservation value of semi-natural pastures in Sweden: contrasting botanical and avian measures[J]. Conservation Biology,1999,13(4):755-765
[17] Fuller R J, Gregory R D, Gibbons D W, et al. Population declines and range contractions among lowland farmland birds in Britain[J]. Conservation Biology,1995,9(6):1425-1441
[18] Meshinev T, Apostolova I, Georgiev G, et al. Grasslands of Bulgaria. Final report on the National Grasslands Inventory Project-Bulgaria[M]. Sofia Dragon 2003 Publishers,2005
[19] Russelle M P, Franzluebbers A J. Introduction to "Symposium: Integrated crop-livestock systems for profit and sustainability" [J]. Agronomy Journal,2007,99:323-324
[20] Halloran J M, Archer D W. External economic drivers and US agricultural production systems. Renew[J]. Agriculture and Food Systems,2008,23:296-303
[21] Franzluebbers A J, Stuedemann J A. Early response of soil organic fractions to tillage and integrated crop-livestock production[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2008,72:613-625
[22] Maccracken D I & Tallowin J R. Swards and structure: the interactions between farming practices and bird food resources in lowland grasslands[J]. Ibis,2004,146(Supply 2):108-114
[23] Suarez F, Martinez C, Herranz J, et al. Conservation status and farmland requirements of pin-tailed sandgrouse Pterocles alchata and black-bellied sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis in Spain[J]. Biological Conservation,1997,82:73-80
[24] Maff. Towards Sustainable Agriculture: A Pilot Set of Indicators[J]. London MAFF Publications,2000:74
[25] Nikolov S C. Effects of land abandonment and changing habitat structure on avian assemblages in upland pastures of Bulgaria[J]. Bird Conservation International,2010,20(2):200-213
[26] Nikolov S C, Demerdzhiev D A, Popgeorgiev G S, et al. Bird community patterns in sub-Mediterranean pastures: the effects of shrub cover and grazing intensity[J]. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation,2011,34(1):11-21
[27] Vladimir D, Georgi P and Dimitar P. Effects of the Common Agricultural Policy on the Coverage of Grassland Habitats in Besaparski Ridove Special Protection Area (Natura 2000), Southern Bulgaria[J]. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica,2014,5:147-155
[28] Plieninger T, Hartel T, Martín-López B, et al. Wood-pastures of Europe: Geographic coverage, social-ecological values, conservation management, and policy implications[J]. Biological Conservation,2015,190:70-79
[29] Lapola D M, Martinelli L A, Peres C A, et al. Pervasive transition of the Brazilian land-use system[J]. Nature Climate Change,2014,4:27-35
[30] Goldemberg J, Mello F F C, Cerri C E P, et al. Meeting the global demand for biofuels in 2021 through sustainable land use change policy[J]. Energy Policy,2014,69:14-18
[31] Egeskog A, Freitas F, Berndes G, et al. Greenhouse gas balances and land use changes associated with the planned expansion (to 2020) of the sugarcane ethanol industry in S?o Paulo, Brazil[J]. Biomass Bioenergy,2014,63:280-290
[32] Carvalho J L N, Raucci G S, Cerri C E P, et al. Impact of pasture, agriculture and crop-livestock systems on soil C stocks in Brazil [J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2010,110:175-186
[33] Carvalho C L N, Rauccib G S, Frazaoc L A l, et al. Crop-pasture rotation: A strategy to reduce soil greenhouse gas emissions in the Brazilian Cerrado[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2014,183:167-175
[34] Carvalho J L N, Cerri C E P, Feigl B J, et al. Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils in the Cerrado region of the Brazilian Amazon[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2009,103:342-349
[35] Maurício R C, André L C F, Cerri E P C, et al. Sugarcane expansion in Brazilian tropical soils-Effects of land use change on soil chemical attributes[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2015,211:173-184
[36] Franzluebbers A J, Sawchik J, Taboadaca M A. Agronomic and environmental impacts of pasture-crop rotations intemperate North and South America[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2014,190:18-26
[37] Ibáñez I, Martínez J, Schnabel S. Desertification due to overgrazing in a dynamic commercial livestock-grass-soil system[J]. Ecological Modeling,2007,205:277-288
[38] Thomas D, Zerbini E, Parthasarathy R P, et al. Increasing animal productivity on small mixed farms in South Asia: a systems perspective[J]. Agricultural Systems,2002,71(1):41-57
[39] Herrero M, Thornton P K, Notenbaert A M, et al. Smart investments in sustainable food production: revisiting mixed crop-livestock systems[J]. Science,2010,327:822-825
[40] ElShaer H M. Land desertification and restoration in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region [J]. Sciences in Cold and Arid,2015,7(1):7-15
[41] Vetter S, Goqwana W M, Bond W J, et al. Effects of land tenure, geology and topography on vegetation and soils of two grassland types in South Africa[J]. African Journal of Range and Forage Science,2006,23(1):13-27
[42] Palmer A R. Monitoring landscape changes using remote sensing technology in southern Africa[C]. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress, Australia,2013:848-855
[43] Soussana J F, Barioni L G, Ari T B, et al. Managing grassland systems in a changing climate: the search for practical solutions[C]. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress, Australia,2013:15-19
[44] Oenema O, Klein C D, Alfaro M. Does intensification of grassland and forage use lead to efficient, profitable and sustainable ecosystems[C]. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress, Australia,2013:56-66
[45] Wolfe E C. Legumes, livestock and livelihoods in the Australian mixed farming system[C]. Proceedings of the 22nd International Grassland Congress, Australia,2013:67-79

The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present

当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 2

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	YU Lu, WANG Xun, CHAI Sha-tuo, LIU Shu-jie. Application of BP Neural Network in Natural Grassland Yield Estimation in the Area Around Qinghai Lake [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(5): 1427-1435.
[2]	YU Lu, WANG Xun, CHAI Sha-tuo, LIU Shu-jie. Seasonal Dynamic Inversion of Natural Grassland Forage Content Based on High-resolution Satellite Remote Sensing [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(2): 547-557.