Ranking and Parameters for Rodents Damaged Rangelands and Adaptive Management in Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.01.018

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 152-159.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.01.018

Previous Articles Next Articles

Ranking and Parameters for Rodents Damaged Rangelands and Adaptive Management in Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province

SUN Fei-da¹, GOU Wen-long², ZHU Can¹, LI Fei¹, CHEN Xiao-Xia¹, LIU Lin¹, LIU Wei¹, YANG Ting-Yong³, LIAO Xi-hong⁴

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611130, China;
2. Sichuan Grassland Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China;
3. Ganzi Prefecture Grassland Working Station, Kangding, Ganzi 626000, China;
4. Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Water Bureau of Ruoergai County, Ruoergai, A'ba 624500, China

Received:2017-03-09 Revised:2018-01-08 Online:2018-02-15 Published:2018-05-25

川西北高原鼠荒地危害程度分级及适应性管理对策

孙飞达¹, 苟文龙², 朱灿¹, 李飞¹, 陈晓霞¹, 刘琳¹, 刘伟¹, 杨廷勇³, 廖习红⁴

1. 四川农业大学动物科技学院, 四川成都 611130;
2. 四川省草原科学研究院, 四川成都 611731;
3. 四川省甘孜藏族自治州草原工作站, 甘孜康定 626000;
4. 四川省若尔盖县农业畜牧和水务局, 阿坝若尔盖 624500

作者简介:孙飞达(1978-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事草原鼠害综合防控及草地生态研究,E-mail:sunfd08@163.com
基金资助:
四川省教育厅重点项目（17ZA0320）；四川省留学回国人员启动项目（03109148）；国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-35-16）资助

Abstract

Abstract:

Plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)and Plateau zokor(Myospalax baileyi) are the special small herbivores in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which grazing, burrowing, mowing and storage grass activities have negative and positive effects on alpine meadow ecosystem. However, the orientation of harmful or beneficial influence was depended on rodent species and their population amount at different spatial and temporal scales. Adopting field survey and references analysis, rodents species and burrows data were collected from forty-two plots of three regions at A'ba and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province，and Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai province. Understanding the roles of rodent activities on grassland degradation is essential to improve the management of small herbivores populations in alpine meadow ecosystems. We concluded the roles of rodent activities in alpine meadow ecosystems and defined the conception of Rodents Damaged Rangelands. Furthermore, based on rodent damage levels, damage degrees of Light, Medium, Heavy and Extreme were classified into three main factors groups and eleven individual indices. And three main combined factors were rodent population, plant community and soil properties, and eleven sub-factors were total burrows and active burrow amount.Based on rodent damaged rangelands phrases, we provided four adaptive management strategies including fencing self-restoration, human intervention repair, semi artificial grassland reconstruction and artificial grassland restoration. Further, all these measures were helpful to establish the adaptive management strategies and prevent rodents recurrence after using rodenticide in alpine meadow ecosystems in Qing-Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Rodents damaged rangeland, Criterion of plateau pikas hazard ranking, Plateau pika, Plateau zokor

摘要：

高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠是青藏高原特有的食草型小动物，其啃食、掘洞、刈割、贮草行为对高寒草甸生态系统既具有破坏损伤系统的负面效应，也有利于维持和稳定系统的正面效应，这种益害转化完全取决于不同时间和空间尺度上的害鼠种群及其数量。通过对川西北的阿坝州、甘孜州和青海省果洛州的42个高寒草地样地的鼠类种群密度调查和已有文献的采集分析，明确了草原害鼠在高寒草地生态系统中的角色和作用，定义了鼠荒地的概念，对鼠荒地危害程度划分为轻度、中度、重度和极度4个等级；依据指标因子重要性排序，分级指标包含害鼠种群、植物群落和土壤养分3个主因子群；总洞穴数量、有效洞口数等11个单项因子；并对不同危害程度的鼠荒地提出了封育自然修复、人为干预修复、半人工草地改建和人工草地重建4种草原鼠害适应性管理策略，对于高寒草地生态系统草原害鼠适应性管理和害鼠灭除后二次发生防控具有指导意义。

关键词: 青藏高原, 鼠荒地, 危害分级, 高原鼠兔, 高原鼢鼠

CLC Number:

S812.6

SUN Fei-da, GOU Wen-long, ZHU Can, LI Fei, CHEN Xiao-Xia, LIU Lin, LIU Wei, YANG Ting-Yong, LIAO Xi-hong. Ranking and Parameters for Rodents Damaged Rangelands and Adaptive Management in Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(1): 152-159.

孙飞达, 苟文龙, 朱灿, 李飞, 陈晓霞, 刘琳, 刘伟, 杨廷勇, 廖习红. 川西北高原鼠荒地危害程度分级及适应性管理对策[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(1): 152-159.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.01.018

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/Y2018/V26/I1/152

References

[1] 钟文勤,樊乃昌. 我国草地鼠害的发生原因及其生态治理对策[J]. 生物学通报,2002,37(4):1-4
[2] 钟文勤,樊乃昌. 鼠类在草地生态系统中的作用[J]. 生物学通报,2002,37(7):17-20
[3] 卫万荣,张灵菲,张小刚,等. 穴居鼠通讯方式及通讯功能研究进展[J]. 草地学报,2016,24(2):278-285
[4] Delibes-Mateos M,Smith A T,Slobodchikoff C N,et al. The paradox of keystone species persecuted as pests:a call for the conservation of abundant small mammals in their native range[J]. Biological Conservation,2011,144:1335-1346
[5] Ji W H,Aryal A,Su J H. Range management:Tibetan wildlife hemmed in[J]. Nature,2016,530(7588):33
[6] 王德利,李心诚,潘多峰,等. 青藏高原草地鼠害的生态释义及控制[J]. 西南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2016,42(3):237-245
[7] 尚占环,龙瑞军. 青藏高原"黑土型"退化草地成因与恢复[J]. 生态学杂志,2005,24(6):652-656
[8] 涂雄兵,杜桂林,李春杰,等. 草地有害生物生物防治研究进展[J]. 中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):780-788
[9] 唐川江,周俗,张新跃,等. 四川省草原鼠荒地调查报告[J]. 草业科学,2007,24(7):59-61
[10] 苏军虎,刘荣堂,纪维红,等. 我国草地鼠害防治与研究的发展阶段及特征[J]. 草业科学,2013,30(7):1116-1123
[11] 周华坤,周立,赵新全,等. 江河源区"黑土滩"型退化草场的形成过程与综合治理[J]. 生态学杂志,2003,22(5):51-55
[12] 洛桑·灵智多杰. 青藏高原的草业发展与生态环境[D]. 北京:中国藏学出版社,2000:120-133
[13] 孙飞达,龙瑞军,郭正刚. 鼠类活动对高寒草甸植物群落及土壤环境的影响[J]. 草业科学,2011,28(1):146-151
[14] 李晓英,姚正毅,王宏伟,等. 鼠类对玛多县草地表层土壤的影响及沙漠化过程[J]. 草地学报,2017,25(1):213-216
[15] 孙飞达,龙瑞军,蒋文兰,等. 三江源区不同鼠洞密度下高寒草甸植物群落生物量和土壤容重特性研究[J]. 草业学报,2008,17(5):111-116
[16] 孙飞达,龙瑞军,蒋文兰,等. 青海果洛地区不同鼠洞密度下高寒草甸植物生物量分布特征[J]. 草地学报,2008,16(5):475-479
[17] 马玉寿,董全民,施建军,等. 三江源区"黑土滩"退化草地的分类分级及治理模式[J]. 青海畜牧兽医杂志,2008,38(3):1-3
[18] 周俗,张绪校,李开章,等. 四川省草原鼠荒地生态调控治理研究[J]. 草业与畜牧,2014,2:35-37
[19] Sun F D,Chen W Y,Liu L,et al. The density of active burrows of plateau pika in relation to biomass and allocation in the alpine meadow ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2015,58:257-264
[20] Sun F D,Chen W Y,Liu L,et al. Effects of plateau pika activities on seasonal plant biomass and soil properties in the alpine meadow ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Grassland Science,2015,11:195-203
[21] Bagchi S,Namgail T,Ritchie M E. Small mammalian herbivores asMediators of plant community dynamics in the high-altitude arid rangelands of Trans-Himalaya[J]. Biological Conservation,2006,127:438-442
[22] Xu Y C,Yang D B,J R Speakman,et al. Oxidative stress in response to natural and experimentally elevated reproductive effort is tissue dependent[J]. Functional Ecology,2014,28:402-410
[23] Chien H L,Smith A T. Keystone status of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae):effect of control on biodiversity of native birds[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation,2003,12:1901-1912
[24] Brown P R,Davis M J,Singleton G R. Can farm-management practice reduce the impact of house mouse population on crops in an irrigated farming system[J]. Wild life Research,2004,31:579-604
[25] Zhang Y,Liu W,Wang X. A preliminary study of caching behavior of the plateau pika[J]. Zoological Research,2005,26:479-483
[26] 江小蕾. 植被均匀度与高原鼠兔种群数量相关性研究[J]. 草业学报,1998,7(1):60-64
[27] 刘伟,李里,严红宇,等. 高原鼠兔挖掘活动对植物种的丰富度和地上生物量的影响[J]. 兽类学报,2012,32(3):216-220
[28] 刘伟,严红宇,王溪,等. 高原鼠兔对退化草地植物群落结构及恢复演替的影响[J]. 兽类学报,2014,34(1):54-61
[29] 张知彬,王玉山,王淑卿. 一种复方避孕药物对围栏内大仓鼠种群繁殖力的影响[J]. 兽类学报,2005,25(3):269-272
[30] 杨帆. 印谏油两性不育灭鼠颗粒剂的研制与质量标准及其药效学研究[D]. 雅安:四川农业大学,2010
[31] 王兴堂,花立民,苏军虎. 高原鼠兔的精确性可持续控制技术研究-几种杀鼠剂的对比试验[J]. 草业学报,2010,19(1):198-203
[32] 龙瑞军. 青藏高原草地生态系统之服务功能[J]. 科技导报,2007,25(9):26-28
[33] 杨振宇,江小蕾. 高原鼠兔对草地植被的危害及防治阈值研究[J]. 草业科学,2002,19(4):63-65
[34] 赵国琴,李广泳,马文虎. 高原鼠兔扰动对高寒草地植物群落特征的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2122-2128
[35] Pech R P,Arthur A D,Yanming Z,et al. Population dynamics and responses to management of plateau pikas Ochotona Curzoniae[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,44:615-624
[36] Arthur A D,Pech R P,Davey C,et al. Livestock grazing, plateau pikas and the conservation of avian biodiversity on the Tibetan plateau[J]. Biological Conservation,2008,141:1972-1981
[37] Sun F D,Gou W L,Li F,et al. Plateau Pika Population Survey and its Control Threshold in the Alpine MeadowEcosystems of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2016,35(6):825-832

Ranking and Parameters for Rodents Damaged Rangelands and Adaptive Management in Northwest Plateau of Sichuan Province

川西北高原鼠荒地危害程度分级及适应性管理对策

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHANG Zhong-hua, MA Li, ZHOU Bing-rong, SONG Ming-hua, XU Wen-hua, DENG Yan-fang, WANG Fang, SHE Yan-di, ZHANG Qian, YAO Bu-qing, MA Zhen, ZHOU Hua-kun. Esponse of the Functional Diversity of Dominant Plants to Warming and Simulated Grazing in Alpine Meadow [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(S1): 225-232.
[2]	WANG Tan-guo-yan, MA Zhi-yuan, LI Pei-yang, GUO Jun-hong, ZHANG Jia-yi, JIANG Sheng-jing. Effects of Short-Term Warming on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Different Plant Species in Alpine Meadows on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(9): 1959-1966.
[3]	JIANG Cui-xia, HU Chang-sheng, WEI Hai-yan, WANG Xian-ju, DING Lu-ming. The Effect of Modulating Different Utilizing Intensity in Summer Season on Forage Quality and Soil Nutrients of Winter & Spring Pasture on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(5): 1473-1477.
[4]	ZHANG Xiao-fang, ZHANG Chun-ping, DONG Quan-min, YANG Xiao-xia, LIU Wen-ting, YU Yang, YANG Zeng-zeng, WEI Lin-na, ZHANG Yan-fen, CHU Hui, Li Cai-di, FENG Bin. Study on Plant Community Structure Characteristics of Alpine Mixed-seeding Grassland in Three Rivers Source Regions [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(4): 1090-1099.
[5]	CHU Bin, LIU Li, JI Cheng-peng, ZHOU Yan-shan, ZHOU Jian-wei, Wang Zhi-peng, HUA Li-min. Preliminary Study on Dispersal Characteristics of Populations of Plateau Zokor (Myospalax baileyi) on a Small Scale [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(3): 734-742.
[6]	YANG Jing, ZHANG Qian, YAO Bao-hui, CAI Zhi-yuan, WANG Chang, GUO Huai-liang, SU Jun-hu. Effects of Plateau Zokor Disturbance on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Plant Biomass in Alpine Meadow [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(2): 492-499.
[7]	WEI Wan-rong. The Relationship between Population Density, Vegetation Community Structure and Predation Risk of Plateau Pika [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(2): 350-355.
[8]	SHI Sheng-bo, LI Tian-cai, WANG Wei, DE Ke-jia, XU Xian-ying, WANG Qi, MA Jian-ping, LI Ai-de, KANG Cai-zhou. Interaction Effect of Soil Drought and Strong Light on Photosynthetic Performance of Kobresia Pygmaea in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(4): 724-731,748.
[9]	ZHANG Jiao-jiao, LIU Pei-pei, LI Xiao-gang, ZHANG Shi-ting, DING Lu-ming. Effect of Fertilization and Mowing on Biomass and Nutritional Quality of Alpine Natural Pasture [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(4): 885-887.
[10]	ZHANG Li-feng, ZHANG Ji-qun, ZHANG Xiang, LIU Xiao-qin, ZHAO Liang, LI Qi, CHEN Dong-dong, GU Song. Characteristics of Evapotranspiration of Degraded Alpine Meadow in the Three-River Source Region [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(2): 273-281.
[11]	SHI Gao-yu, XU Guo-cheng, WEI Wan-rong, ZHANG Wei-guo. Effects of Vegetation Traits on the Behavior Patterns of Plateau Pika [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(2): 415-419.
[12]	LIU Jin-shang, ZHANG Wei-guo, JIANG Xiao-lei, WEI Wan-rong, GE Qing-zheng. Effects of Burrow Space of Plateau Zokor on Vegetation Characters on Alpine Meadows [J]. , 2011, 19(6): 927-932.
[13]	CHEN Dong-dong, SUN Da-shuai, ZHANG Shi-hu, DU Guo-zhen SHI Xiao-ming, WANG Xiang-tao. Soil N Mineralization of An Alpine Meadow in Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. , 2011, 19(3): 420-424.
[14]	ZHANG Wei-guo, LIU Rong, JIANG Xiao-lei. Influence of Risk Sound Signal on Behavior Pattern of Pika [J]. , 2010, 18(1): 115-120.
[15]	WANG Rui-yong, LIU Sha-sha, WANG Cheng-zhang, GUO Yu-xia, YAN Xue-bing. Analysis on Soil Physicochemical Indices at Different Altitudes in Alpine Rangeland [J]. , 2009, 17(5): 621-628.