Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 907-916.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.04.016

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Effects of Artificial Regulation on Production Performance of Perennial Grass Mixtures in the Region of Three Rivers Sources

SHI Jian-jun1,2,3, MA Yu-shou1,2,3, DONG Quan-min1,2,3, SHAO Xin-qing4, WU Gao-lin5, WANG Yan-long1,2,3, LIU Yu5, ZHANG Chun-ping1,2,3, WANG Xiao-li1,2,3   

  1. 1. Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    2. Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    4. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    5. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
  • Received:2017-12-20 Revised:2018-05-15 Online:2018-08-15 Published:2018-09-20

人工调控对三江源区多年生禾草混播草地生产性能的影响

施建军1,2,3, 马玉寿1,2,3, 董全民1,2,3, 邵新庆4, 武高林5, 王彦龙1,2,3, 刘玉5, 张春平1,2,3, 王晓丽1,2,3   

  1. 1. 青海畜牧兽医科学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海大学, 青海 西宁 810016;
    3. 三江源区高寒草地生态省部共建教育部重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016;
    4. 中国农业大学, 北京 100193;
    5. 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 通讯作者: 王晓丽
  • 作者简介:施建军(1970-),男,甘肃临泽人,研究员,博士,主要从事高寒退化草地恢复与管理研究,E-mail:shjj0318@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省自然基金项目（2014-ZJ-904）资助

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Abstract: In order to study the effects of artificial regulation on productivity and stability of different grass mixture communities,a field experiment was conducted in Maqin County since 2006. Six different grass mixtures including Elymus nutans as constructive species were selected with different fertilization management to screen out the reasonable control measures of maintaining the stability of community production. The results showed that the total biomass of the communities of different grass mixtures under artificial regulation,compared to the control,increased by 56.36%~188.39%,97.88%~131.74%,93.78%~139.21%,and 85.78%~141.27%,respectively,and the growth rate increased linearly with the growth years. The proportion of high quality forage grass increased by 90.12%~218.21%,79.80%~293.74%,87.18%~379.74%,140.28%~258.61%,119.52%~222.9%,and 127.36%~200.46%,respectively. With the increase of growth years,the synthetic effects of artificial regulation and variety combination showed,and the production performance and community stability of 4 components or more components mixtures were significantly higher than that of 2 to 3 components. Under artificial regulation,the proportion of community species maintained above 90%,which was 3.58%~52.75% higher than the corresponding control,and the ratio of stem to leaf was significantly lower than the corresponding control. Artificial regulation (fertilization + desulfurization) significantly improved the productivity of the 4 or more componets mixtures and maintained the ecosystem in a stable state.

Key words: Grass mixture, Artificial grassland, Productivity, Regulation, The Three Rivers Sources region

摘要： 为了研究人工干扰对不同禾草混播群落的生产力和稳定性，在三江源区玛沁县，从2006年开始以垂穗披碱草为建群种，选取6个不同的混播组合，设置人工调控（施肥+除杂）和对照（CK）2个处理，研究了维持群落生产稳定性的合理调控措施。结果表明：人工调控下不同混播组合群落总生物量比相应对照分别提高56.36%～188.39%、97.88%～131.74%、93.78%～139.21%、85.78%～141.27%，增幅随生长年限呈线性增加。优良牧草比例比相应对照分别提高90.12%～218.21%、79.80%～293.74%、87.18%～379.74%、140.28%～258.61%、119.52%～222.9%、127.36%～200.46%。随着生长年限的增加，人工调控和品种组合优势综合效应显现，4组分及以上的高矮禾草混播组合的生产性能和群落稳定性显著高于2-3组分混播组合。人工调控下群落组分种比例维持在90%以上，比相应的对照分别提高3.58%～52.75%，群落茎叶比显著低于对应的对照。人工调控（施肥+除杂）能显著提高4组分及以上的禾草混播群落的生产性能，使之维持在一个生产稳定性较高的状态。

关键词: 混播, 人工草地, 生产性能, 调控, 三江源区

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