Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 243-249.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.01.031

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Study on Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers on Alfalfa Hay and Recommended Fertilizer Rate in Huang-Huai-Hai Area

ZHANG Tie-jun1, ZHAO Zhong-xiang2, LONG Rui-cai1, LV Hui-gang1, YANG Qing-chuan1, KANG Jun-mei1   

  1. 1. Institute of Animal Sciences, CAAS, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Vocational College of Technology, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, China
  • Received:2018-07-09 Revised:2018-12-25 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-04-13

黄淮海地区紫花苜蓿氮磷钾肥料效应与推荐施肥量研究

张铁军1, 赵忠祥2, 龙瑞才1, 吕会刚1, 杨青川1, 康俊梅1   

  1. 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
    2. 沧州市农林科学院, 河北 沧州 061001
  • 通讯作者: 康俊梅,E-mail:kangjmei@126.com
  • 作者简介:张铁军(1981-),男,山东烟台人,博士,副研究员,主要从事牧草遗传育种与栽培研究,E-mail:tiejunzhang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项"苜蓿高效种植技术研究与示范"(201403048);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34);河北省现代农业产业技术体系草业创新团队栽培与信息化管理技术岗位(HBCT2018160202);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务(CAAS-XTCX2016011-01-03)资助

Abstract: To obtain alfalfa hay with high yield and good quality,the effects of N,P,K mixed fertilizing on yield and nutrition of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ‘zhongmu No.3’) were studied in Cangzhou of Huang-Huai-Hai area using 3414 quadratic regression optimum design from 2016 to 2017. The results showed that the order of effects on alfalfa hay yield were phosphorus > potassium > nitrogen. The highest yield of 23 657.9 kg·hm-2 was obtained by treatment 3 (N1P2K2),the combination of N 5.00 kg·hm-2,P2O5 60.00 kg·hm-2 and K2O 180.00 kg·hm-2. Of the 14 treatments,treatment 7 (N2P3K2) had the highest crude protein content (22.45%),while treatment 6 (N2P2K2) had the lowest crude protein content (16.87%). The lowest content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were from treatment 3 (N1P2K2) and treatment 7 (N2P3K2),respectively. Treatment 7 (N2P3K2) had the highest RFV values (111.36). Comprehensive analysis showed that the nutritional value of treatment 7 (N2P3K2) was high during early flowering period of Zhongmu No.3. Based on the yield model analysis,the maximum yield of 23 918.2 kg·hm-2 could be obtained by applying N 4.10 kg·hm-2,P2O5 48.47 kg·hm-2 and K2O 270.00 kg·hm-2 for Zhongmu No.3 alfalfa.

Key words: Alfalfa, Fertilizer, Yield, Quality, Huang-Huai-Hai Area

摘要: 为高产优质苜蓿草地施肥提供科学依据,2016-2017年选择黄淮海地区苜蓿生产的典型区域沧州为试验点,以该地区当家苜蓿品种中苜3号(Medicago sativa L.‘zhongmu No.3’)为试验材料,采用"3414"二次回归最优设计试验方案,研究N,P,K肥配施对紫花苜蓿当年干草产量和营养成分的影响。结果表明,影响中苜3号苜蓿干草产量高低顺序为磷肥>钾肥>氮肥。处理3(N1P2K2)即施N 5.00 kg·hm-2,施P2O5 60.00 kg·hm-2,施K2O 180.00 kg·hm-2时获得最高产量23 657.9 kg·hm-2。14个处理组合中,处理7(N2P3K2)粗蛋白含量最高,为22.45%,处理6(N2P2K2)粗蛋白含量最低,为16.87%。酸性洗涤纤维含量最低的处理3(N1P2K2),为34.14%,中性洗涤纤维的含量最低的处理7(N2P3K2),为51.27%。处理7(N2P3K2)相对饲用价值最高,为111.36。综合分析,处理7(N2P3K2)的初花期营养价值较高。根据产量模型分析,中苜3号苜蓿施N 4.10 kg·hm-2,施P2O5 48.47 kg·hm-2,施K2O 270.00 kg·hm-2时可获得最高产量23 918.2 kg·hm-2

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 施肥, 产量, 品质, 黄淮海地区

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