Abstract: To explore the rapid vegetation restoration model of the Beijing suburban wasteland,the wasteland of Dayushu county were selected as experiment areas in Yanqing district. The soil physicochemical properties and plant diversity were surveyed and analyzed by methods of field sampling survey and indoor determination and analysis. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties and plant diversity index coefficient of variation in the wasteland of Yanqing District were between 10%~100%,which is moderately variability. The plant diversity index was low. Plant species are mainly composed of Gramineae,Compositae,Leguminosae and Chenopodiaceae. Among all species,59.2% were annual late spring herbaceous plants. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between plant diversity index and soil organic matter,nitrogen content and total porosity. There was a significant negative correlation between plant coverage and soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus. Based on the above results,it was concluded that soil organic matter,nitrogen content and total porosity were the key factors in the process of vegetation succession in the severely degraded areas.

Key words: Wasteland, Vegetation restoration, Plant diversity, Soil physical and chemical properties

摘要： 为了探索北京郊区荒滩地植被快速恢复模式，以延庆区大榆树镇荒滩地为研究对象，运用野外取样调查和室内检测分析方法，研究京郊荒滩地土壤理化性质与植物多样性特征及其相关性。结果表明：延庆区荒滩地土壤理化性质及植物多样性指数变异系数介于10%~100%之间，属中等变异性；植物多样性指数较低，植物物种以禾本科（Gramineae）、菊科（Compositae）、豆科（Leguminosae）、藜科（Chenopodiaceae）为主，所有物种中59.2%为一年生晚春型草本植物；相关性分析表明：植物多样性指数、盖度与土壤有机质、氮素含量及总孔隙度之间存在显著正相关关系；植物盖度与土壤全磷、速效磷之间存在显著负相关关系。基于上述结果，表明在土壤严重退化区域，土壤有机质、氮素含量、总孔隙度是其植被正向演替的关键因子。

关键词: 荒滩地, 植被恢复, 植物多样性, 土壤理化性质