Abstract: The Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technology A-PAGE was used to measure the genetic integrity in natural aging covered and naked oat seeds which stored for 1~5 years and artificial aging oat seeds treated with high-temperature and humidity,which was to compare the changes and differences of genetic integrity of two oat germplasm under different aging modes. The results showed that with the increase of storage time,the content of gliadin and germination rate of oat seeds decreased,the number of electrophoretic bands detected by A-PAGE gradually blurred and decreased. A-PAGE could detect the changes of genetic integrity of aged oat seeds, and a total of 41 alleles were detected by genetic analysis,which including 90.244% polymorphic loci were detected. The genetic similarity coefficient of the germplasm was distributed between 0.342 and 0.996. Compared with natural aging,the genetic parameters of artificially aging treated population decreased with a higher degree. After aging,the genetic diversity of oat seed decreased,and the genetic integrity was destroyed. For different species,the deterioration degree of Long Yan No.3(Avena sativa L.) was higher than that of Bai Yan No.2(Avena nuda L.) in artificial aging and natural aging. And the suitable storage duration of oat seed should not exceed 5 years.

Key words: Artificial aging, Covered oats, Naked oats, Gliadin, Genetic integrity

摘要： 本研究利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis，A-PAGE）方法，测定1~5年自然老化及高温高湿人工老化的皮燕麦（Avena sativa L.）和莜麦（Avena nuda L.）种子的遗传完整性，旨在比较2种燕麦种质在不同老化方式下的遗传完整性变化及差异。结果表明：随着贮藏时间的增加，皮燕麦和莜麦种子醇溶蛋白含量和种子发芽率下降，A-PAGE检测到的电泳条带逐渐模糊，数量减少。A-PAGE可检测老化燕麦种子遗传完整性变化，遗传分析共检测到41个等位基因位点，多态性位点占90.244%；皮燕麦和莜麦种质的遗传相似性系数在0.342~0.996之间。与自然老化相比，人工老化处理群体的各遗传参数下降程度高，老化后燕麦种子遗传多样性降低，遗传完整性被破坏。不同种质之间，莜麦‘白燕2号’在自然老化和人工老化下的劣变速度和程度均高于皮燕麦‘陇燕3号’。燕麦种子的适宜贮藏年限不宜超过5年。

关键词: 人工老化, 皮燕麦, 莜麦, 醇溶蛋白, 遗传完整性