Abstract: The knowledge of forage intake of livestock and compensated growth of plant community is critical for determining the grassland carrying capacity and improving grassland management on the Tibetan Plateau. To explore the effect of grazing regime on forage intake of livestock and plant compensated growth,a manipulated grazing experiment was conducted on an alpine grassland in the Qinghai Lake basin. The results showed that,the forage intake of livestock at community level was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the treatments of Tibetan sheep grazing (SG) and mixed-livestock grazing with a ratio of yak to Tibetan sheep as 1:2 (MG 1:2). Grazing regime also affected the forage intake of livestock at functional group level,and the intake of leguminous plants by livestock were significantly higher in SG and MG 1:2. The compensation growth capacity of plants were significant higher in SG and MG 1:2 than other treatments (P<0.05). It was concluded that the forage intake by livestock was highest in SG,but the regrowth of plant was stimulated more by livestock in MG 1:2. Therefore,Tibetan sheep grazing and mixed-livestock grazing with a ratio of yak to Tibetan sheep as 1:2 are more reasonable grazing regimes based on livestock intake and plant regrowth on the alpine grassland of Qinghai Lake basin.

Key words: Mixed grazing, Alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, Qinghai Lake basin, The feed intake of livestock, Compensatory growth

摘要： 为探究放牧方式对青藏高原高寒草地家畜的采食量和植物补偿生长的影响，本试验在环青海湖流域高寒草地设置放牧方式（牦牛单独放牧、藏羊单独放牧、牦牛和藏羊1：2混牧、牦牛和藏羊1：4混牧、牦牛和藏羊1：6混牧）控制试验，以期确定草地的承载力，并为制定合理的草地管理措施提供依据。试验结果表明：在群落水平上，家畜的采食量在藏羊（Ovis aries）单独放牧以及牦牛（Bos grunniens）与藏羊1：2混牧方式下，显著高于其他方式（P<0.05）；在功能群水平上，藏羊单独放牧与牦牛和藏羊1：2混牧这2种放牧方式下家畜对豆科植物的采食量较高；藏羊单独放牧与牦牛和藏羊1：2混牧植物的补偿生长能力显著高于其他放牧方式（P<0.05）。研究表明：藏羊单独放牧时，其采食量最高；牦牛和藏羊1：2混牧的放牧方式对植物补偿性生长的促进作用最明显。因此，从放牧家畜采食量与植物补偿生长两方面考虑，在青藏高原高寒草地藏羊单独放牧与牦牛和藏羊1：2混牧的放牧方式较为合理。

关键词: 混合放牧, 青藏高原高寒草地, 环青海湖流域, 家畜采食量, 植物补偿生长