Abstract: Based on the multi-source remote sensing,meteorological and social statistical data,the evaluation system of grassland ecosystem service value was constructed to evaluate the ecosystem service value of China's grassland ecosystem from 2000 to 2016,including organic matter production,nutrient cycling,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,and water conservation. The results showed that:during the study period,the average total value of grassland ecosystem services in China was 1381.565 billion yuan·a^-1,and the average total value per unit area was 412 400 yuan·km^-2·a^-1. The proportion of water conservation value of grassland was higher (28.95%),but the nutrient cycling value was lower (9.98%). The high value areas of grassland ecological value were concentrated in Yunnan,Guangxi and Western Sichuan. The total value of ecological services of Alpine subalpine meadow was the highest (415.688 billion yuan · a^-1),while that of plain grassland and slope grassland was the lowest (138.861 billion yuan · a^-1 and 144.998 billion yuan · a^-1). The most prominent value of water conservation was observed in Ningxia,Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Tibet and Yunnan,while the most prominent value of organic matter production was mainly found in Qinghai,Gansu and Shanxi. The value of grassland ecological services showed a significant increasing trend during the 17 years (P=0.01;2 200 yuan·km^-2). The value of grassland ecosystem services increased in 54.69% of the areas,mainly in the south of Qinghai Province and its border with Tibet.

Key words: Grassland resources, Ecological services, Remote sensing monitoring, Quantitative assessment system

摘要： 本研究基于多源遥感、气象和社会统计数据，构建草地生态服务价值评估体系，对2000—2016年中国草地生态系统的有机物生产、营养物质循环、土壤保持、固碳释氧及涵养水源等生态服务价值进行评估，结果表明：研究期间中国草地生态系统服务平均总价值为13 815.65亿元·a^-1，平均单位面积总价值为41.24万元·km^-2·a^-1，草地水源涵养价值所占比例较高（28.95%），而营养物质循环价值较低（9.98%）；草地生态总价值高值区集中在云南、广西和四川西部；高山亚高山草甸生态服务总价值最高（4 156.88亿元·a^-1），而平原草地和坡面草地较低（1 388.61亿元·a^-1和1 449.98亿元·a^-1）；宁夏、内蒙古、陕西、西藏及云南的草地水源涵养价值最为突出，青海、甘肃和山西草地的有机物质生产价值最为突出；17年间草地生态服务价值呈显著增加趋势（P=0.01；0.22万元·km^-2）；54.69%的地区草地生态服务价值呈增加趋势，主要集中在青海省南部及其与西藏交界处。

关键词: 草地资源, 生态服务, 遥感监测, 定量评估体系