Study Progress of Poisonous Plants Containing Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Natural Grasslands

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.02.006

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 297-311.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.02.006

Study Progress of Poisonous Plants Containing Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Natural Grasslands

GUO Ya-zhou^1,2, ZHAO Shi-jiao³, SHA Ri-kou⁴, MA Yong-jia⁵, MO Chong-hui⁶, WU Chen-chen¹, LU Hao¹, ZHAO Bao-yu¹

1. Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
2. Department of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
3. Changdu animal husbandry station, Changdu, Tibet Autonomous Region 854000, China;
4. Alxa Left Banner YingenSumu Comprehensive Support and Technology Extension Center, Alxa, Inner Mongolia 750300, China;
5. Alxa Left Banner Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Alxa, Inner Mongolia 750300, China;
6. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2021-07-21 Revised:2021-10-26 Published:2022-03-10

天然草地含吡咯里西啶类生物碱有毒植物研究进展

郭亚洲^1,2, 赵世姣³, 沙日扣⁴, 马永嘉⁵, 莫重辉⁶, 吴晨晨¹, 路浩¹, 赵宝玉¹

1. 西北农林科技大学动物医学院中国西部有毒植物研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100;
2. 杨凌职业技术学院动物工程分院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
3. 昌都市畜牧总站, 西藏昌都 854000;
4. 阿拉善左旗银根苏木综合保障和技术推广中心, 内蒙古阿拉善 750300;
5. 阿拉善左旗动物疫病预防控制中心, 内蒙古阿拉善 750300;
6. 青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁 810016

通讯作者: 赵宝玉,E-mail:zhaobaoyu12005@163.com
作者简介:郭亚洲(1990-),男,汉族,陕西阎良人,博士研究生,主要从事动物中毒病与毒理学研究,E-mail:guoyazhou0819@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32072928)；科技援青专项(2020-QY-210)资助

Abstract

Abstract: Natural grassland,which is not only the vital ecological screen,but also has the significant value for maintaining ecological and alimental security and protecting the living environment of human beings,is the basis of development of animal industry. For a long time,however,the large acreage of grassland is replaced by desertification and poisonous plants due to several factors,such as drought,severe overgrazing,blind reclamation and other natural and man-made effects. Multiple species and wide distribution are the characteristics of poisonous plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). They have become one of the main poisonous plants in natural grassland,causing serious economic losses to animal industry. At present,the research on PAs mainly focuses on metabolism and toxicology at home and abroad. However,the investigation on the resource distribution,harm degree and scientific utilization of poisonous plants containing PAs is not systematic. Therefore,the situation about poisonous plants containing PAs,such as species,geographical distribution,damage,reasonable utilization,and PAs including the structures,metabolism,toxicity,pharmacology and comprehensive utilization metabolism pathways are reviewed individually in this review. It is helpful to understand the ecological role and find the scientific utilization method of poisoning plants containing PAs in natural grassland.

Key words: Natural Grasslands, Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, Poisonous plants, Toxic disaster, Comprehensive utilization

摘要： 天然草地是草地畜牧业发展的物质基础，也是重要的绿色生态屏障，对维护生态安全和食物安全，保护人类生存环境具有重要意义。长期以来，由于草地干旱、超载过牧、盲目开垦等自然和人为因素的影响，导致草地大面积沙化和毒草化。含吡咯里西啶生物碱(Pyrrolizidine alkaloids，PAs)有毒植物具有种类多、分布广等特点，已成为天然草地主要毒害草之一，给草地畜牧业造成严重经济损失。目前，国内外对PAs的研究主要集中在代谢方式及毒理学研究，对于含PAs有毒植物的资源分布、危害程度及科学利用等情况的调查尚不系统。因此，本文就含PAs有毒植物种类和地理分布、在天然草地中的毒性灾害状况以及PAs结构与代谢方式、毒性毒理、药理作用、综合利用等内容进行了综述，对认识含PAs有毒植物在天然草地中的生态作用及科学利用具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 天然草地, 吡咯里西啶生物碱, 有毒植物, 毒性灾害, 综合利用

CLC Number:

S812.6

GUO Ya-zhou, ZHAO Shi-jiao, SHA Ri-kou, MA Yong-jia, MO Chong-hui, WU Chen-chen, LU Hao, ZHAO Bao-yu. Study Progress of Poisonous Plants Containing Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Natural Grasslands[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(2): 297-311.

郭亚洲, 赵世姣, 沙日扣, 马永嘉, 莫重辉, 吴晨晨, 路浩, 赵宝玉. 天然草地含吡咯里西啶类生物碱有毒植物研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(2): 297-311.

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Study Progress of Poisonous Plants Containing Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Natural Grasslands

天然草地含吡咯里西啶类生物碱有毒植物研究进展

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