Abstract: Under extreme climate conditions,herdsmen will take a variety of adaptive behaviors to cope with disasters and reduce economic losses. Therefore,it is of great significance to study the adaptive behaviors of herdsmen for improving production efficiency and promoting the sustainable development of animal husbandry production. Therefore,based on the survey data of herdsmen in Midwestern of Inner Mongolia,this paper used the DEA-Tobit model to study the impact of herdsmen’s adaptation behaviors on animal husbandry production efficiency under extreme climate. The results showed that herdsmen’s adaptive behaviors of buying forage and prolonging the time of captivity promoted animal husbandry production efficiency under extreme climate conditions,but the growth was small;As well,adaptive behaviors such as building or maintaining sheds and drilling wells need sufficient capital which increases the cost of animal husbandry production in the short term and are not good for promoting the animal husbandry production efficiency. Due to the weak ability of herdsmen in extreme climates,the government should establish a disaster early-warning mechanism to promote herdsmen to take targeted adaptive behavior before and during extreme climates,the government should provide forage subsidies to help herdsmen tide over difficulties

Key words: Extreme climate adaptive behaviors, animal husbandry production efficiency, DEA-Tobit model

摘要： 在极端气候条件下，牧户会采取多种适应行为来应对灾害，减少经济损失。因此，研究牧户的适应行为，对于提升畜牧业生产效率、促进畜牧业生产可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于内蒙古中西部地区牧户的调研数据，利用DEA-Tobit方法，就牧户在极端气候下的适应行为对畜牧业生产效率的影响进行实证研究。研究结果表明，牧户在极端气候条件下，采取购买饲草料和增加圈养天数的适应行为均促进了畜牧业生产效率的增加，但增加的幅度较低；而新建或维修棚圈、打井等措施需要充沛的资金投入，这些适应行为在短期增加了畜牧业生产成本，不利于畜牧业生产效率的提升。由于牧户自身极端气候灾害的能力较弱，政府应建立灾害预警机制，促使牧户在极端气候灾害发生前采取有针对性的适应性行为，在极端气候发生时，政府应提供饲草料的补贴方式，助力牧户提高畜牧业生产效率。

关键词: 极端气候适应性行为, 畜牧业生产效率, DEA-Tobit模型