Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 834-843.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.03.025

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Effects of Short-term Fence Enclosing on Plant Community and the Physical and Chemical Properties of Alpine Meadow Soils

ZHU Niu1,2,3, SUN Jian4, SHI Ning2,3, WANG Jin-niu2,3, ZHANG Lin4, LUO Dong-liang5, SHEN Cheng2,3, GAI Ai-hong1   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China;
    3. Mangkang Biodiversity and Ecological Station, Tibet Ecological Safety Monitor Network, Qamdo, Tibet 854500, China;
    4. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    5. Northwest Institute of Eco-environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
  • Received:2022-09-01 Revised:2022-10-09 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-04-01

短期围栏封育对高寒草甸植物群落及土壤理化性质的影响

朱牛1,2,3, 孙建4, 石凝2,3, 王金牛2,3, 张林4, 罗栋梁5, 申承2,3, 盖艾鸿1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国科学院成都生物研究所, 四川 成都 610041;
    3. 西藏生态安全屏障监测站网芒康生物多样性与生态站, 西藏 昌都 854500;
    4. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101;
    5. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 通讯作者: 王金牛,E-mail:wangjn@cib.ac.cn;盖艾鸿,E-mail:gaiah@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:朱牛(1996-),男,汉族,甘肃西和人,硕士研究生,主要从事高寒生态系统水热碳动态研究,E-mail:2396072822@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院西部之光西部青年学者项目（2021XBZG-XBQNXZ-A-007）；中国国家自然科学基金项目（31971436）；西北生态环境与资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLCS-OP-2021-06）资助

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Abstract: Fully understand the effects of fence enclosing on plant communities and soil physical and chemical properties is the key to make reasonably relevant policies for meadow restoration and utilization and promote the sustainable development of local animal husbandry economy. In this study, quadrat surveys and soil physical and chemical indices of an alpine meadow fenced for 2 years in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of Tibet were used to examine the impacts of short-term fence enclosing on biomass and soil properties. It was found that:(1) Fence enclosing compared with free grazing meadow communities, the aboveground and underground biomass increased by 26.24% and 8.94% respectively, but the species diversity index decreased slightly. (2) Soil conductivity, salinity and total dissolved solids decreased by 26.50%, 29.03%, 30.15% respectively after 2 years of enclosing. (3) After short-term fencing, the aboveground biomass was significantly positively correlated with soil salinity, total dissolved solids and conductivity (P<0.05), and the underground biomass was significantly positively correlated with nitrate nitrogen and temperature (P<0.05). Outside the fence, underground biomass was significantly negatively correlated with dielectric constant and moisture content (P<0.05), and significantly positively correlated with ammonium nitrogen (P<0.05). The results showed that 2 years short-term fence enclosing improved the plant community and soil physical and chemical properties of alpine meadow, which could be used as a means of interference and management measures to deal with meadow degradation.

Key words: Alpine meadows, Species diversity, Biomass, Fence enclosing, Correlation

摘要： 充分了解围栏封育对植物群落及土壤理化性质的影响，是合理制定草甸恢复和利用相关政策、促进当地畜牧业经济可持续发展的关键。本研究通过对西藏三江并流区封育2年的高寒草甸的群落样方调查与土壤理化性质测定，结果表明，比较自由放牧，围封后地上和地下生物量分别提高26.24%和8.94%，但物种多样性指数略有下降；围封后土壤电导率、盐度和总溶解固体分别下降26.50%，29.03%，30.15%；围栏内地上生物量与土壤盐度、总溶解固体、电导率呈显著正相关（P<0.05），地下生物量与硝态氮、温度呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；围栏外地下生物量与介电常数、体积含水率呈显著负相关（P<0.05），与铵态氮呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。研究结果表明，2年短期围封对高寒草甸植物群落及其土壤理化性质均有一定改善，可以作为应对草甸退化的干扰手段与管理措施。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 物种多样性, 生物量, 围栏封育, 相关性

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