Abstract: To explore the effects of variety and planting density on the yield,quality,lodging,and disease of forage oat (Avena sativa),the foreign introduced and improved variety ‘Dingyin No.1’,the self-bred variety ‘Dingyan No.2’ and the domestic introduced variety ‘Baiyan No.7’ were used as test materials in this study to conduct field comparative experiments on three planting densities in the Loess Plateau region of central Gansu.The results showed that the hay yield of oat increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting densities,and the hay yield of ‘Dingyin No.1’ was the highest under the same planting density. The difference in plant height between different varieties was significant,while the effect of density on plant height was relatively small. The tiller number and stem-to-leaf ratio showed a decreasing trend with the increase of planting density,along with the number of tillers and stem-to-leaf ratio of ‘Baiyan No.7’ were the largest. The crude protein and crude fat content of oats showed an overall decreasing trend with increment of planting densities,while the acidic and neutral detergent fiber showed an increasing trend. With the increase of planting densities,the degree of lodging and disease occurrence in oats gradually increased;among the three oat varieties, ‘Baiyan No.7’ had a good lodging resistance,while ‘Dingyan No.2’ had a strong disease resistance. Based on principal component analysis,the suitable variety for planting in the Loess Plateau area of central Gansu was selected as ‘Dingyan No.2’,with an optimal planting density of 450 plants·m^-2.

Key words: Planting density, Yield, Nutritional quality, Lodging, Red leaf disease, Powdery mildew

摘要： 为探讨品种和种植密度对燕麦（Avena sativa）饲草产量、品质、倒伏及病害的影响，本研究以国外引进改良品种‘定引1号’、自育品种‘定燕2号’、国内引进品种‘白燕7号’为试验材料，在陇中黄土高原地区进行了3个种植密度的田间比对试验。结果表明：燕麦干草产量随种植密度增加呈先升高后降低趋势，相同密度下‘定引1号’的干草产量最大；不同品种间株高差异显著，而密度对株高的影响较小；分蘖数和茎叶比随密度增加呈递减趋势，其中‘白燕7号’的分蘖数和茎叶比最大；燕麦粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量随种植密度增加整体呈下降趋势，而酸性和中性洗涤纤维呈升高趋势；随着种植密度增加，燕麦的倒伏和病害发生程度逐级增大；3个燕麦品种中，‘白燕7号’抗倒伏性好，‘定燕2号’抗病性强。基于主成分分析筛选出适宜陇中黄土高原地区种植的品种为‘定燕2号’，其最适种植密度为450株·m^-2。

关键词: 种植密度, 产量, 营养品质, 倒伏, 红叶病, 白粉病