Abstract: In this study,three wild Carex species seeds were used as materials,three salts (NaCl,Na₂SO₄,NaHCO₃) and four their combinations were used to simulate salt stress. Petri dish method was used to study the effects of different salt types and salt concentrations (50,100,150,200 mmol·L^-1) on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of wild Carex. The results showed that low concentrations of NaCl,H1 (NaCl and Na₂SO₄ mixture) and H4 (NaCl,Na₂SO₄ and NaHCO₃ mixture) promoted the germination of Carex breviculmis seeds,and low concentration of H4 promoted the germination of Carex enervis seeds. 50 mmol·L^-1Na₂SO₄ promoted the growth of plumule of Carex enervis,and 50 mmol·L^-1NaCl promoted the growth of radicle of Carex enervis. Under single salt or compound salts stress,NaCl had the least effect on seed germination in wild Carex,the degree of stress on the seed germination of three wild Carex was stronger when HCO₃^- was contained in the salt solution. The comprehensive evaluation of the membership function method showed that the salt tolerance of the three wild Carex species seeds was Carex enervis > Carex heterostachya > Carex breviculmis,and the effects of seven salt types on the seed germination characteristics of wild Carex were NaHCO₃ >H3>H2>H4>H1>Na₂SO₄ >NaCl.

Key words: Wild Carex, Simple salt, Compound salts, Germination characteristics, Salt type

摘要： 本研究以3种野生苔草(Carex)种子为材料，用3种单盐(NaCl，Na₂SO₄，NaHCO₃)及相互组合的4种复盐模拟盐胁迫，采用培养皿法研究不同盐分类型及盐浓度(50，100，150，200 mmol·L^-1)对野生苔草种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：低浓度的NaCl、H1(NaCl和Na₂SO₄混合)和H4(NaCl，Na₂SO₄和NaHCO₃混合)促进青绿苔草(Carex breviculmis)种子的萌发，低浓度的H4促进无脉苔草(Carex enervis)种子的萌发。50 mmol·L^-1Na₂SO₄促进无脉苔草胚芽的生长，50 mmol·L^-1NaCl促进无脉苔草胚根的生长。在单盐或复盐胁迫中，NaCl对野生苔草种子萌发的影响最小，当盐溶液中含有HCO₃^-离子时，对3种野生苔草种子萌发的胁迫程度较强。隶属函数法综合评价显示，3种野生苔草种子耐盐能力强弱依次为：无脉苔草＞异穗苔草＞青绿苔草，7种盐分类型对耐盐能力不同的野生苔草种子萌发特性的影响程度的强弱依次为：NaHCO₃＞H3＞H2＞H4＞H1＞Na₂SO₄＞NaCl。

关键词: 野生苔草, 单盐, 复盐, 萌发特性, 盐分类型