Abstract: Based on the concept and practice of grassland livestock equivalent and “Standard sheep unit”， this paper defines the “Standard rodent unit” and explores its practical significance in grassland rodent survey， monitoring and pest control management. Referring to “Standard sheep unit” conception and the research progress of grassland rodents prevention and control in recent years， we analyzed the measurement indicators for relevant rodent standard unit and the methodologies for calculating rodents food equivalents. The definition of “Standard rodent unit” was as follows， based on the common weight of the average grassland rodents， one unit represents the daily loss caused by a 100 g rodent species consuming， cutting and storing 50 g fresh grass （about 50 % of its body weight）， which converts to 10 g of dry grass （assuming a moisture content of 20 %）. Eighty rodent units are equivalent to one standard sheep unit， with conversion of different rodents based on their weight differences. A preliminarily measurement relationship among “rodent-grass-livestock” at the level of forage intake was established， which will provide standard and basis for quantifying the foraging and food equivalents of different herbivores.

Key words: Standard rodent unit, Grassland rodents, Rodents prevention and control, Prevention and control threshold

摘要： 基于草地家畜当量与“标准羊单位”的理念及应用实践，本文对“标准鼠单位”进行定义，探讨“标准鼠单位”在草地啮齿动物调查监测及鼠害防控管理中的现实意义。参考“标准羊单位”已有研究成果，以及近年来对草地害鼠食性、采食策略的研究进展，分析相关啮齿动物标准鼠单位的衡量指标，以及啮齿动物食物当量的测算途径。“标准鼠单位”定义为：基于草原常见啮齿动物的平均体重，将一只100 g体重的鼠种每日所采食、刈割、贮藏50 g鲜草（占自身体重的50 %）、折合约为10 g干草（含水量以20 %计）的损失量认定为1个标准鼠单位。80个标准鼠单位相当于1个标准羊单位（即80个鼠单位≈1个羊单位），不同鼠种按其体重差异进行折算。本研究初步搭建了“鼠-草-畜”在采食量水平上的度量关系，可为不同食草动物采食及食物当量提供标准和依据。

关键词: 标准鼠单位, 草地啮齿动物, 鼠害防控, 防控阈值