Abstract: To obtain high-yielding， high-quality， and anthocyanin-rich new germplasm of forage grass， in this study we utilized a diploid Pennisetum glaucum ‘Ningza No.4’ as the maternal parent and a tetraploid P. purpureum ‘purple’ as the paternal parent to conduct interspecific hybridization. The germination and seedling establishment rates of the hybrid F₁ seeds， along with authenticity verification， indicated that despite certain hybridization barriers between P. glaucum ‘Ningza No.4’ and P. purpureum ‘purple’， hybrid offspring could still be produced. Furthermore， it was confirmed that due to the similarity in DNA content between the parental lines， flow cytometry was not suitable for authenticity verification of the hybrid offspring； instead， a combination of chromosome counting and molecular marker methods proved to be more accurate and effective. Further integration of agronomic traits and nutritional quality measurements of parents and their hybrid offspring showed that parents and hybrid offspring exhibited significant differences. Some individual hybrid plants had a 46% higher fresh weight than their paternal parent and a 27% higher anthocyanin content. Multiple superior individual plants were selected and propagated. Data collected in the second year indicated that the superior hybrid lines outperformed the parental lines in terms of fresh forage yield， dry forage yield， and anthocyanin content. The triploid hybrid superior strain selected in this study showed excellent performance in terms of yield and anthocyanin content， providing important materials for the subsequent breeding of new forage varieties.

Key words: Pennisetum glaucum, Pennisetum purpureum ‘purple’, Crossbreeding, New forage germplasm

摘要： 为获得高产优质、富含花青素的饲草新种质，本研究以二倍体‘宁杂4号’美洲狼尾草（Pennisetum glaucum‘Ningza No.4’）做母本，四倍体‘紫色’象草（P. purpureum‘purple’）做父本开展种间杂交。杂交F₁种子萌发和成苗率以及真实性鉴定表明，‘宁杂4号’美洲狼尾草与‘紫色’象草尽管存在一定杂交后障碍，但仍可产生杂交后代；且证实，因亲本DNA含量相似，流式细胞检测技术不适合杂交后代真实性鉴定，而结合染色体计数与分子标记两种方法更为准确有效。进一步结合亲本及杂交子代的农艺性状和营养品质测定结果表明，亲本与杂交子代表现出明显差异，部分子代单株鲜重较父本提升46%，花青素含量提升27%。经筛选获得多个优系单株并进行了扩繁。第二年测定的数据表明，杂交子代优系在鲜草产量、干草产量、花青素含量方面皆优于亲本。本研究筛选出的三倍体杂交优系在产量和花青素含量方面表现优异，为后续饲草新品种选育提供了重要材料。

关键词: 美洲狼尾草, ‘紫色’象草, 杂交育种, 饲草新种质