Abstract: The ecological adaptability was studied with 96 grass materials in Inner Mongolia steppe and the results showed as follows:The ecological adaptability of grass was determinde according to the suitable ability to local climate(low temperature and drought), productivity and persistence of species.The good tolerance of low temperature are Bromus inermis, Psathyostachys juncea,Leymus chinensis etc.The drought tolerance are P. juncea, L. chinensis, Poa pratensis etc. The materials of pesistence are B.inermis, L. chinensis, P.pratensis etc. The materials of high productiviyt are B.inermis, Festuca. rubra,Agropyron desertorum cv. Nordar, the resusts show, by comprehensive analysis. The ecological fitness rankings were divided into three groups from high to fow. First group was B. inermis , B. japonicus, Festucarudra. Second group was Hordeum brevisublatum, E. sibiricus, A. cristatum, P. juncea, E. junceus, L.chinensis, F. arundinacea, P. pratensis , A. mongolicum. third group was A. cristatum, A. intermedia,Elytrigia elongata,Puccinellia chinampoensis.

Key words: Inner Mongolia, Steppe, Grasses, Ecological adaptability

摘要： 通过对96份禾本科牧草的引种试验及其在内蒙古典型草原区生态适应性的研究,结果表明,根据供试草种对当地气候(主要是低温和干旱)的适应能力和生产潜力以及可持续利用时间等三项指标衡量其生态适应性。其中耐低温者有无芒雀麦、新麦草和羊草等月份材料。耐干旱者有新麦草、羊草和草地早熟禾等10份材料。5年内持续生产力较高者有无芒雀麦、紫羊茅、诺丹冰草等14份材料。持续利用时间较长者有无芒雀麦、羊单。草地早熟禾等17份材料。综合分析结果表明,供试草种在典型草原区的生态适应度,从高到低分成三个组:①无芒雀麦、雀麦和紫羊茅。②野大麦、老芒麦、诺丹冰草、杂种冰草、新麦草、羊草、草、草地早熟禾与蒙古冰草等。③冰草、中间冰草、长穗偃麦草和碱茅。

关键词: 内蒙古, 典型草原区, 禾木科牧草, 生态适应