Acta Agrestia Sinica

›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 28-33.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2008.01.006

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Artificial Cultivation of Biological Soil Crust and its Effects on Soil and Water Conservation in Water-Wind Erosion Crisscross Region of Loess Plateau,China

XIAO Bo1,3, ZHAO Yun-ge1,2, SHAO Ming-an1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China;
    2. Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    3. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
  • Received:2007-04-24 Revised:2007-07-23 Online:2008-02-15 Published:2008-02-15

黄土高原侵蚀区生物结皮的人工培育及其水土保持效应

肖波1,3, 赵允格1,2, 邵明安1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西, 杨凌, 712100;
    2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西, 杨凌, 712100;
    3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京, 100039
  • 通讯作者: 赵允格, E-mail:zyunge@ms.iswc.ac.cn,sxzyunge@163.com
  • 作者简介:肖波(1981- ),男,陕西西乡人,博士研究生,研究方向为生物结皮生态功能及土壤系统中物质运移,E-mail:xiaoboxb@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目(2005-2007);国家自然科学基金青年基金(40401026);中国科学院“百人计划”项目资助

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Abstract: Biological soil crust(BSC) is one of the most important vegetation components in arid and semi-arid areas and has very important ecological functions which attract more and more attentions to its effects on soil and water conservation.In summary,there are three different opinions about the effect of BSC's on infiltration:increase,decrease,and no function.In order to explore artificial cultivation method of BSC and evaluate its effects on soil and water conservation,BSC was artificially cultivated in laboratory and field in water-wind erosion crisscross region of loess plateau,China and the runoff and sediment were measured during the simulated rainfall in laboratory and after natural rainfall in field.The results show: 1.It was feasible to inoculate and cultivate artificial BSC using the method of crushing and broadcast sowing natural BSC collected from research area;2.The artificial BSC's coverage reached to 30%-60% after a rainy season and the main components was same to natural BSC;3.The artificial BSC had obvious function of soil and water conservation.The artificial BSC in the laboratory decreased 49%-64% of runoff and eliminate soil erosion and in field had no significant effects on runoff and decreased 26% of sediment in the plot without vegetation,decreased 11% of runoff and 39% of sediment in the plot with Caragana korshinskii Kom.,respectively.Those results confirm that it could be effective to cultivate artificial BSC and use it to control the loss of soil and water in research area.

Key words: Biological soil crust(BSC), Inoculation and cultivation, Soil and water conservation, Water-wind erosion crisscross region of loess plateau

摘要： 探讨生物结皮的人工培育技术,并对其发育初期的水保功能进行评价。结果表明:撒播粉碎后的自然生物结皮,培育1个雨季即可形成盖度高达30%-60%的人工生物结皮,其主成分不变;人工生物结皮具有较好的水保效应,其中室内培育的生物结皮在坡度5°、雨强46.8mm°h-1、历时1h的模拟降雨条件下可减少49%-64%的径流,消除土壤侵蚀;同条件下野外培育的生物结皮在无植被时对径流影响不明显,但全年可减少26%的土壤侵蚀,有柠条植被时全年可减少11%的径流和39%的土壤侵蚀;在黄土高原侵蚀区以人工生物结皮进行大规模的水保治理成本较低,切实可行。

关键词: 生物结皮, 人工培育, 水土保持, 黄土高原侵蚀区

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