Abstract: Mechanisms of degraded Leymus chinensis grasslands and commonly used agronomic, chemical and biological measures were reviewed in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages of each improving method such as plowing, loosing, burning, over-sowing, fertilization and the applications of subtilis, corn stalks or gypsum were further clarified. Physical and chemical soil properties were significantly improved; Leymus chinensis roots were fully developed and occupied a larger ecological niche, and the competitive ability was further strengthened in improving grassland. Recovery speed of aboveground vegetation was apparently accelerated. Aboveground and underground materials had a positive coupling effect. Finally, three comprehensive improving models according to the different degraded levels of Leymus chinensis grassland were proposed in this paper.

Key words: Degraded Leymus chinensis grassland, Improvement, Comprehensive treatment, Model

摘要： 分析了羊草(Leymus chinensis)草原退化的原因,概述了常用的农艺、化学和生物措施,如浅耕翻、松土、火烧、施肥、灌溉,补播、施枯草或秸秆、石膏改良技术等,在此基础上,论述了不同技术的优缺点、适用范围与改良机制。通过改良,土壤的物理化学性状明显改善,羊草根茎得到充分发展、占据了较大的生态位且竞争能力进一步加强,同时地上植被的恢复速度显著加快,地上和地下产生了积极的正向耦合效应。最后提出了重度、中度和轻度退化羊草草原的3种综合治理模式。

关键词: 退化羊草草原, 改良, 综合治理, 模式