Abstract: The effects of basal Se fertilizers (570~1143 g穐m^-2 for Na₂SeO₃?5H₂O) on nutrition value and amino acid contents were studied in naked oat (Avena chinensis L.) field at yellow river beach in order to consider new approaches of enhancing nutritional levels. Results showed that basal Se fertilizers had more apparent effects on the nutrition contents of naked oat hay in heading and flowering stages. Specifically, crude protein (CP) and non-nitrogen extract (NFE) showed a declining tendency, and the contents of crude ash (Ash), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF) showed a rising tendency with the increase of basal Se fertilizers. Basal Se fertilizers had more apparent effects on the nutrition contents of naked oat grain. When application rates of Se fertilizer were 570~765 g穐m^-2, CP contents were enhanced significantly, while CF contents were declined. When application rates of Se fertilizer was over 954 g穐m^-2, EE and CF contents were enhanced significantly. Applying basal Se fertilizers could also increase the contents of essential amino acids (EAA)and total animo-acids (TAA) to some extent, but had less apparent effects on EAA/TAA, NEAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA in any condition. Rational application of basal Se fertilizer could increase the contents of essential amino acids and total animo-acids and favor high quality production of naked oat forage and grain.

Key words: Selenium, Naked oat, Nutrition, Amino acid

摘要： 通过在河南省黄河滩区莜麦(Avena chinensis L.)地上播前基施硒肥(Na₂SeO₃·5H₂O)570~1143 g·hm^-2,研究硒肥对莜麦扬花期青干草和籽粒的营养价值和氨基酸变化规律的影响,探索提高莜麦营养水平的新途径。结果表明:基施硒肥对抽穗-扬花期莜麦青干草的常规营养成分有一定的影响,且随着施硒量的增加,青干草中粗蛋白质和无氮浸出物含量呈下降趋势,粗灰分、粗脂肪和粗纤维的含量呈上升趋势;基施量为570~765 g·hm^-2时能显著提高籽粒中的粗蛋白质含量,降低粗纤维含量,当施用量超过954 g·hm^-2时可显著提高粗脂肪和粗纤维的含量(P<0.05),但对粗蛋白质含量无显著影响;基施硒肥能提高莜麦饲草和籽粒中一些必需氨基酸含量和氨基酸总含量,但对饲草和籽粒中必需氨基酸/总氨基酸、非必需氨基酸/总氨基酸和必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸等指标没有显著影响。因此,合理基施硒肥有利于增加莜麦饲草和籽粒中必需氨基酸含量和氨基酸总含量,改善莜麦产品的品质。

关键词: 硒, 莜麦, 营养, 氨基酸