Abstract: The phenological phase, plant height, tiller number, nutrition constituent, yield and stem/leaf ratio of three oat (Avena sativa) varieties in the winter dry land of Hunan were studied. Results showed that three oat varieties had major differences in plant height, nutrition constituent, yield and stem/leaf ratio. Judging from all indexes, Baiyan 7 variety had the best performance. The plant height, plant tillers, fresh yield and crude protein content of Baiyan 7 were 101.67 cm, 7.6 tillers, 70.91 t穐m^-2, and 32.63%, respectively. The proportions of all leaf weight to total weight of a tiller in Baiyan 7, Baiyan 8 and Baiyan 2 were 31.6%, 31.3% and 29.2%, respectively. A tiller weight of oat could be estimated/calculated by the following formula Y=0.0437X-2.89 (R²=0.9134, P<0.01), where Y was the weight of a tiller (g) and X was the plant height (cm). The conclusion was that Baiyan 7 had comparatively higher yields and leaf contents and more suitable for planting as a winter-spring forage in the winter dry land of Hunan.

Key words: Winter dry land of Hunan, Oat, Performance traits, Individual development characteristics

摘要： 为筛选出适应湖南农牧区冬闲旱地栽种的牧草品种,对3个燕麦(Avena sativa)品种(系)的物候期、株高、分蘖数、产量及茎叶比等进行比较研究。结果表明:品种间株高、产草量、茎叶比、营养成分等均存在显著差异,其中白燕7号表现最好,其株高为101.67 cm,鲜草产量达70.91 t·hm^-2,株丛分蘖数7.6个·株^-1,粗蛋白含量32.63%;白燕7号单蘖叶片量占单蘖重31.6%,白燕8号为31.3%,白燕2号为29.2%;燕麦单蘖重可用其与株高间线性模型Y=0.0437X-2.89 (R²=0.9134, P<0.01)估测,式中Y为单蘖重(g),X为植株株高(cm)。综合分析可知,白燕7号因具有较高产量和叶茎比,适于作为冬春饲草在湖南冬闲旱地推广种植。

关键词: 湖南冬旱地, 燕麦, 生产性能, 个体发育特征