Abstract:

By monitoring the movement and variation of irrigation water under different irrigation methods, the distribution characteristics of alfalfa roots in different soil depths were surveyed, and the effects of different irrigation methods on alfalfa yield and irrigation water use efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the water of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) mainly distributed in 10~35 cm soil layer, the water of sprinkling irrigation (SI) distributed in 10~40 cm soil layer, the water of flood irrigation (FI) could penetrate to 60cm soil layer. The yields of alfalfa at SDI, SI and FI methods were 21030, 19035 and 17295 kg·hm^-2, the root biomass rates of 0~30 cm soil layer to all soil layers were 87.86%, 85.72% and 80.96%, respectively. The irrigation water use efficiencies of SDI, SI and FI were 33.0, 23.3 and 13.3 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2, respectively. The water saving rates of SDI and SI reached 50.8% and 37.5 % compared with FI.

Key words: Subsurface drip irrigation, Sprinkler irrigation, Flood irrigation, Alfalfa, Irrigation water use efficiency

摘要：

通过监测不同灌溉方式灌溉后水分的运动变化规律，调查不同土层中紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）根系的分布特征。结果表明：地下滴灌的水分主要集中于10～35 cm的土层，喷灌集中分布于10～40 cm的土层，漫灌水分可以渗透至60 cm以下。地下滴灌、喷灌和漫灌处理的苜蓿干草产量依次为21030，19035和17295 kg·hm^-2；在0～30 cm土层中的根量为总根量分别为87.86%，85.72%和80.96%。地下滴灌、喷灌和漫灌处理灌溉水利用效率分别为33.0，23.3和13.3 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2。与漫灌相比，地下滴灌和喷灌的节水率分别达到了50.8%和37.5%。

关键词: 地下滴灌, 喷灌, 漫灌, 紫花苜蓿, 灌溉水利用效率