Study of Classification and Gradation, Restoration of Black-Soil Beach Degraded Grassland in the Headwaters of Three Rivers

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.03.001

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 441-447.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.03.001

Study of Classification and Gradation, Restoration of Black-Soil Beach Degraded Grassland in the Headwaters of Three Rivers

DONG Quan-min¹, MA Yu-shou¹, XU Chang-jun², SHI Jian-jun¹, WANG Yuan², WANG Yan-long¹, SHENG Li¹, LI Shi-xiong¹

1. Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. Basic Geographic Information Center of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China

Received:2014-06-08 Revised:2014-10-12 Online:2015-06-15 Published:2015-07-02

三江源区黑土滩退化草地分类分级体系及分类恢复研究

董全民¹, 马玉寿¹, 许长军², 施建军¹, 王苑², 王彦龙¹, 盛丽¹, 李世雄¹

1. 青海省畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海省基础地理信息中心, 青海西宁 810001

通讯作者: 董全民
作者简介:董全民(1972-),男,甘肃天水人,博士,研究员,主要从事三江源区高寒草地放牧管理和黑土滩退化草地的恢复与重建等方面的研究工作,E-mail:qmdong@qhmky.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC05B03);青海省科技支撑计划项目(2013-N-146)(2014-NS-118)资助

Abstract

Abstract:

According to topographical condition and the demand of engineering improvement, based on the analysis of data obtained from 120 sample regions in the headwater regions of three rivers, black-soil beach degraded grassland was divided into 3 types includingⅠbottom-land (gradient from 0° to 7°), Ⅱslope-land (gradient from 7° to 25°) and Ⅲ steep-land (gradient≥25°). The proportions of barren/land and edible forage were served as the leading indicators of classifying black-soil beach degraded grassland by cluster analysis and principal component analysis, and the degraded grassland was classified into 3 types including lightly, moderately and heavy degraded black-soil beach. Besides, combining field investigations with remote sensing techniques, the areas and distributing regions of different black-soil beach degraded grassland types and grades were ascertained, and the development tendency of black-soil beach degraded grassland was also analyzed within 20 years. Finally, based on the types of black-soil beach and utilization aims of vegetation recover, the definition of cultivated grassland of different black-soil beach types, the combination of feasible plant species and corresponding agronomic measures were suggested, and then 3 models of comprehensive control and correlative control measures of black-soil beach degraded grassland were summarized.

Key words: The headwaters of three rivers, Black-soil beach degraded grassland, Classifications and gradation, Distribution area, Classification recovery

摘要：

通过对三江源区120个野外调查样区野外调查数据的分析,依据地形条件以及工程治理的需要,将黑土滩退化草地划分为三种类型,即Ⅰ滩地(坡度在0～7°之间)、Ⅱ缓坡地(坡度在7～25°之间)和Ⅲ陡坡地(坡度≥25°);通过聚类分析和主成分分析,优选出秃斑地比例和可食牧草比例作为黑土滩退化草地分级的主要指标,将其分为轻度、中度和重度3个等级;在野外调查结合遥感技术的基础上,确定了该地区不同类型和等级下黑土滩退化草地的面积及其分布区域,分析了黑土滩退化草地的发展趋势,即20年间轻、中度退化草地演变为重度退化草地的趋势是非常明显的;针对黑土滩的类型和植被恢复后的利用目标,提出不同类型黑土滩人工草地的定义、适宜草种组合及相应的农艺措施,总结出黑土滩退化草地综合治理的3种模式和与之相关的治理措施。

关键词: 三江源区, 黑土滩退化草地, 分类分级, 分布区域, 分类恢复

CLC Number:

S812.5

DONG Quan-min, MA Yu-shou, XU Chang-jun, SHI Jian-jun, WANG Yuan, WANG Yan-long, SHENG Li, LI Shi-xiong. Study of Classification and Gradation, Restoration of Black-Soil Beach Degraded Grassland in the Headwaters of Three Rivers[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2015, 23(3): 441-447.

董全民, 马玉寿, 许长军, 施建军, 王苑, 王彦龙, 盛丽, 李世雄. 三江源区黑土滩退化草地分类分级体系及分类恢复研究[J]. 草地学报, 2015, 23(3): 441-447.

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Study of Classification and Gradation, Restoration of Black-Soil Beach Degraded Grassland in the Headwaters of Three Rivers

三江源区黑土滩退化草地分类分级体系及分类恢复研究

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