Abstract:

In order to investigate the differences of yield and quality among different forage grass varieties, the several quantity and quality indices of annual ryegrass(Lolium perenne), triticale(Triticale hexaploide), oat(Avena sativa) and Elymus nutans(Elymus nutans) were measured at the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station(HBAMERS), a field station of the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The results showed that the hay yield of triticale was 1345.50 g·m^-2, significantly higher than that of annual ryegrass(974.93 g·m^-2), Elymus nutans(301.75 g·m^-2) and oat(329.60 g·m^-2); and there was no significant difference between Elymus nutans and oats. The hay yield of triticale was 4~4.5 times higher than that of Elymus nutans and oat, and 1.4 times higher than that of annual ryegrass. The crude protein content of Elymus nutansis was significantly higher than that of annual ryegrass and triticale(P< 0.05), followed by triticale, while ryegrass had the lowest content. The crude fat content of triticale was significantly lower than that of perennial ryegrass, Elymus nutans and oat. There was no significant difference in crude fat contents among annual ryegrass, Elymus nutans and oat. The yield per unit area of crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber or acid washing fiber were the highest in annual ryegrass(255.76 g·m^-2), significantly higher than that of the other three grasses, i.e. was 4~5 times higher than that of triticale, and 7~8 times higher than that of Elymus nutans and oats. The crude protein yields of Elymus nutans and oats were not significantly deviated. Ryegrass had the highest the content of acid detergent lignin, followed by Elymus nutans and triticale, and oats had the lowest one(P<0.05).

Key words: Forage grass, Yield, Quality

摘要：

在中国科学院海北高寒草甸定位站以一年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、小黑麦(Triticale hexaploide)、燕麦(Avena sativa)和垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)为研究对象,对其产草量、牧草营养品质进行测定,以探讨不同牧草的产量和品质。结果表明:小黑麦干草产量为1345.50 g·m^-2,显著高于一年生黑麦草(974.93 g·m^-2)、垂穗披碱草(301.75 g·m^-2)和燕麦(329.60 g·m^-2)。小黑麦产量是垂穗披碱草和燕麦干草产量的4~4.5倍,是黑麦草干草产量的1.4倍。垂穗披碱草粗蛋白(CP)含量显著高于一年生黑麦草和小黑麦(P<0.05),一年生黑麦草粗蛋白(CP)含量最小。单位面积粗蛋白(CP)产量、粗脂肪(EE)产量、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)产量和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)产量以一年生黑麦草最高,显著高于小黑麦、垂穗披碱草和燕麦(P<0.05)。

关键词: 牧草, 产量, 品质