Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of forage shortage in the process of agricultural structure adjustment and high-quality forage industry development, germplasm resources of wild Bromus inermis Leyss. were cultivated for domestication by forage breeding research group in Heilongjiang Animal Science Institute in 1995. They selected new varietie was named as Bromus inermis Leyss.‘Longjiang’ through individual selection and mixed breeding, and the new varietie has been approved by the Chinese Herbage Cultivar Registration Board in 2015. The results showed that the average hay yield was 9135.47~11251.47 kg·hm^-2, production increase 15.73%~17.77% compared withcontrol, seed yield was 554.07~628.52 kg·hm^-2, production increase 10.45%~12.26% compared with control. The varietie had characteristics of strong adaptability, cold resistance, high tillering ability, the rich amount of leaf, grass soft and high yield, which was suitable for artificial grass planting, improve degraded grassland and guarantee the forage quality in the northeast cold regions.

Key words: Bromus inermis Leyss., New varieties breeding, Biological characteristics, Agronomic characteristics

摘要：

为解决产业结构调整、优质饲草产业发展过程中存在的优质饲草匮乏的问题，1995年起黑龙江省畜牧研究所牧草育种课题组开展了野生无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis Leyss）种质资源栽培驯化工作，经过单株选择、混合选育，选育出‘龙江’无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis Leyss.‘Longjiang’）新品种，2015年通过全国草品种审定委员会审定。试验结果表明：其干草产量9135.47~11251.47 kg·hm^-2，较对照增产15.73%~17.77%，且差异达显著水平（P<0.05）；平均种子产量为554.07~628.52 kg·hm^-2，较对照增产10.45%~12.26%；该品种具有较强的适应性，抗寒、耐盐碱、分蘖能力强、叶量丰富、草质柔软、产草量高，是适合东北寒区人工草地建植、退化草原改良治理的优质牧草。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, 新品种选育, 生物学特性, 农艺性状