Abstract: This study investigated the quantities,vertical distributions and seasonal dynamics of soil seed bank of pika hill in an alpine Kobresia meadow,in Henan county,Qinghai Province,to provide scientific basis for the restoration and succession of soil and vegetation in the pika hill. Soil was sampled from pika hill and nearby natural meadow in the field. Seed bank of the soil was examined using microscopy and germination test in laboratory. The results showed that seed number and seed quality of the natural meadow soil seed bank were higher than that of the pika soil seed bank. Seed quantity and quality of soil seed bank were higher in soil sampled during October and November. Germination rate of the soil seed bank was ranked as natural meadow > fresh pika hill > the old. The number of seeds in the old pika hill soil seed bank was higher than that of fresh one. The soil seed bank of the native vegetation showed a pattern of decreasing from upper to lower layers,while there was no such obvious vertical distribution for both fresh and old pika hill. The higher the similarity between the native grassland soil seed bank and the pika hill,the easier the succession of vegetation from pika hill to native vegetation.

Key words: Pika hill, soil seed bank, Species composition, Seed quality and quantity, Vertical distribution, Seasonal dynamics

摘要： 本研究以青海省河南县高山嵩草高寒草甸高原鼠兔鼠丘土壤种子库为研究对象，采用野外取样和室内镜检、萌发试验，探究了鼠丘土壤种子库的种子数量状况、垂直分布格局及季节动态规律，旨在为鼠丘土壤植被的恢复演替提供科学依据。结果表明：天然草地土壤种子库中的种子数量和种子质量均高于鼠丘土壤种子库，10-11月土壤种子库无论在种子数量上还是质量上均较高；发芽率表现为天然草地土壤种子库 > 新鼠丘 > 旧鼠丘；旧鼠丘土壤种子库种子数量多于新鼠丘；原生植被的土壤种子库呈明显的上层多下层少的垂直分布格局，新、旧鼠丘上下层间无明显的垂直分布规律；鼠丘土壤种子库与天然草地土壤种子库的相似性越高，鼠丘植被向原生植被恢复演替的几率越大。

关键词: 鼠丘土壤种子库, 物种组成, 种子质量与数量, 垂直分布, 季节动态