Abstract: This study was aimed to provide scientific guidance for the management and utilization of alpine mountain meadow. A typical area of the alpine meadow ecosystem on eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (branch veins of Ri-Yue Mountain) was selected as the sampling site. We used redundancy analysis and Variance partitioning analysis to determine the main factors (slope aspect,altitude and soil moisture) on plant diversity distribution in 39 quadrats of the small-scale mountain. The result showed that the species richness on the shady aspect was the highest followed by the sunny aspect,and that on the ridge was the lowest. Species richness in all the three plots at medium altitude was the highest. The soil moisture content on the shady aspect was the highest and that on the ridge was the lowest. The variance partitioning analysis showed that altitude had the highest contribution rate to soil moisture,slope aspect had the highest contribution rate to plant abundance. Most plant were distributed on the shady aspect and at medium altitude. Therefore,to precisely and efficiently utilize small-scale alpine meadow the difference of vegetation distribution pattern caused by slope direction must be considered.

Key words: Alpine meadow, Altitude, Slope aspect, Plant diversity

摘要： 为探讨坡向和海拔对小尺度山体植被分布格局特征的影响，本研究以青藏高原东端日月山支脉为研究对象，利用冗余分析及方差分解等方法，对同一山体不同坡向及海拔的39个样方内土壤水分状况、植被分布格局特征进行分析及定量分解。研究结果表明：阴坡物种丰富度最高，阳坡次之，山脊最低；物种丰富度在3类样地中均为中等海拔时最高；阴坡土壤含水量最高，山脊最低，阴、阳坡土壤含水量均随海拔升高逐渐降低，山脊则变化不显著；方差分解表明，海拔对土壤含水量的贡献率最高，坡向对植被物种多度的贡献率最高；多数植被的分布更加倾向于中度海拔的阴坡地段。因此，在利用小尺度高寒山地草甸时，应优先考虑坡向导致的植被分布格局的变化，进而实现对小尺度高寒山地草甸的精确利用。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 海拔, 坡向, 植被多样性