Abstract: Selenoprotein is the main form of trace element selenium (Se) that plays its biological role in organisms,such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and immune improvement. The purpose of this study was to screen and optimize different forage selenoprotein extraction methods. Using alfalfa and white clover as raw forage materials,the selenoprotein was extracted by alkali extraction(NaOH),salt extraction(NaCl),acid extraction(HCl) and water extraction(H₂O),and the selenium protein extraction process was optimized by orthogonal test on the basis of single-factor test. The results showed that: The extraction of alfalfa and white selenoprotein by alkali extraction were the best. The optimal process conditions for alfalfa were temperature 40℃,material-liquid ratio of 1∶20 g·mL^-1,alkali concentration of 0.15 mol·L^-1,and the extraction rate of selenoprotein was 35.39%. The best process conditions for white clover were temperature 50℃,material-liquid ratio of 1∶40 g·mL^-1,and alkali concentration of 0.15 mol·L^-1,under which the extraction rate of selenoprotein was 35.52%. This study can provide important technical support and practical guidance for extracting selenoprotein from legume forage.

Key words: Alfalfa, White clover, Selenoprotein, Extraction, Process optimization

摘要： 硒蛋白是微量元素硒（Se）在生物体内发挥生物学作用的主要形式，对宿主在抗氧化、抗炎、提高免疫力等方面有重要意义。为探究不同豆科牧草硒蛋白提取方法筛选及其工艺优化，本研究以紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）和白三叶（Trifolium repens）为原材料，采用碱提法（NaOH）、盐提法（NaCl）、酸提法（HCl）和水提法（H₂O）4种溶剂提取法获得牧草硒蛋白，并在单因素试验基础上进行正交试验优化硒蛋白提取工艺。结果表明：碱提法提取紫花苜蓿和白三叶硒蛋白效果最好。紫花苜蓿最佳工艺条件为温度40℃、料液比1∶20 g·mL^-1、碱浓度0.15 mol·L^-1，硒蛋白提取率为35.39%。白三叶最佳工艺条件为温度50℃、料液比1∶40 g·mL^-1、碱浓度0.15 mol·L^-1，硒蛋白提取率为35.52%。本研究可为从豆科牧草中提取硒蛋白提供重要的技术支持和实践指导。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 白三叶, 硒蛋白, 提取, 工艺优化