Abstract: To investigate the appropriate application of fertilization on foxtail millet production,by using ‘Zhangzagu 5’ as plant material,we conducted experiments based on quadratic general rotary unitized design with three replications. The performance of net photosynthetic rate,leaf area index,Malondialdehyde and yield of ‘Zhangzagu 5’ were investigated,under different levels of nitrogen,phosphate,potassium,2,4-D butyl ester and salicylic acid. The results showed that with the increase of application of the 5 factors,the net photosynthetic rate,leaf area index,as well as the yield of ‘Zhangzagu 5’ showed a trend of parabolic changes. The grain yield was significantly affected by the application levels of nitrogen,phosphate,salicylic acid and potassium (P＜0.05),as well as the interaction between nitrogen and salicylic acid,nitrogen and 2,4-D butyl ester,salicylic acid and 2,4-D butyl ester,respectively. In conclusion,the recommended cultivation conditions for ‘Zhangzagu 5’ are 185.6 kg·hm^-2nitrogen,94.5 kg·hm^-2P₂O₅,0.64 g·L^-1 SA,49.3 kg·hm^-2 K₂O,651.9 mL·hm^-2 2,4-D butyl ester,and the expected grain yield is 6783.18 kg·hm^-2.

Key words: Grain millet, Salicylic acid, Nitrogen, Phosphate, Potassium, 2,4-D butyl ester

摘要： 为优化杂交谷生产中施肥方案，以‘张杂谷5号’为材料，采用5因素二次通用旋转组合设计，在大田条件下探讨氮、磷、钾肥、水杨酸和除草剂2，4-D丁酯对谷子[Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.]净光合速率、叶面积指数、丙二醛及籽实产量的影响。结果显示，净光合速率、叶面积指数、丙二醛及籽实产量在5个因素的作用下均呈抛物线状变化。单因素分析表明氮、磷、钾和水杨酸浓度对谷子籽实产量均有显著影响(P＜0.05)，交互作用显示氮和水杨酸、氮和2,4-D丁酯、水杨酸和2,4-D丁酯交互作用对产量影响显著(P＜0.05)。‘张杂谷5号’单位面积籽实产量最大的农艺方案为施用氮肥185.6 kg·hm^-2，磷肥94.5 kg·hm^-2，水杨酸0.64 g·L^-1，钾肥49.3 kg·hm^-2，2,4-D丁酯651.9 mL·hm ^-2，此时谷子籽实产量为6783.18 kg·hm^-2。

关键词: 谷子, 水杨酸, 氮, 磷, 钾, 2,4-D丁酯