The Response Characteristics of Grassland Species Diversity and Productivity to Environmental Factors in the Three-River-Source Area

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.12.011

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 3983-3993.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.12.011

• 2025-12-28 • Previous Articles

The Response Characteristics of Grassland Species Diversity and Productivity to Environmental Factors in the Three-River-Source Area

TIAN Miao^1,2, AN Hang^1,2, LIU Zhi-jun³, YANG Ting^1,2, WANG Wen-bi^1,2, HAO Biao-biao^1,2, GONG Jun-qiang^1,2, OU Ke-jie^1,2, LIU Yong-jie³, SU Jun-hu^1,2

1. College of Prataculture, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Prataculture Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Provincial Prataculture Engineering Laboratory, Sino-American Research Center for Sustainable Development of Grassland Animal Husbandry, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
2. Grassland Biodiversity Research Center, Massey University, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
3. Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650031, China

Received:2025-03-24 Revised:2025-05-01 Published:2025-12-01

三江源区草地物种多样性和生产力对环境因子的响应特征

田淼^1,2, 安航^1,2, 刘智军³, 杨婷^1,2, 王文碧^1,2, 郝彪彪^1,2, 龚俊强^1,2, 欧克杰^1,2, 刘永杰³, 苏军虎^1,2

1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃农业大学, 新西兰梅西大学草地生物多样性研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070;
3. 国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院, 云南昆明 650031

通讯作者: 刘永杰，E-mail：liuyongjie203@163.com；苏军虎，E-mail：sujh@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:田淼（1998-），女，汉族，甘肃定西人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态与保护修复研究，E-mail：1742872897@qq.com；
基金资助:
三江源国家公园（唐北区域）自然资源调查监测评估（GSAU-JSFW-2023-45）；中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复（国家公园）资金项目《退化草地生态修复成效监测及技术应用》（NLCHT-2024-0703）资助

Abstract

Abstract: The ecosystem of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is highly fragile with low stability， rendering it one of the most sensitive regions to climate change and human activities. Investigating the species diversity and productivity of grasslands in this area is essential for evaluating the structure and function of grassland ecosystems. It also plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the regional ecological environment. Nevertheless， the responses of grassland species diversity and productivity to environmental factors， along with the regulatory mechanisms through which environmental factors and species diversity influence productivity， remain subjects of debate. This study relied on the measured data from 144 sample sites in the Three-River-Source National Park （Tangbei area）， encompassing community structure， soil factors， and climate indicators. By integrating regression analysis， hierarchical partitioning， and structural equation modeling， it endeavored to dissect the relationship between species diversity and productivity in this region， as well as the underlying influencing mechanisms. The findings were as follows：（1） Species richness exhibited a closer association with aboveground net primary productivity （ANPP）（R²=0.18） compared to the Shannon-Wiener index （R²=0.09）；（2） Soil available phosphorus demonstrated the highest explanatory power （33.51%） for species richness， while mean annual precipitation accounted for 20.98% of the variation in the Shannon-Wiener index， both relationships being positive；（3） Climatic and soil factors directly impacted ANPP， whereas geographical factors exerted an indirect influence on ANPP by modulating climatic factors. This study elucidated the distinctive patterns of the relationship between species diversity and productivity in the Three-River-Source National Park （Tangbei area）. It revealed that soil available phosphorus， mean annual precipitation， and other factors significantly influenced species richness and the Shannon-Wiener index. Moreover， climatic， soil， and geographical factors were found to regulate grassland productivity either directly or indirectly. These findings offered a solid foundation for analyzing the relationship between the structure and function of alpine grassland ecosystems， contributing valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of this ecologically sensitive region.

Key words: Three-River-Source National Park, Plant diversity, Above-ground biomass, Climatic factors, Soil nutrient

摘要： 青藏高原生态系统脆弱且稳定性低，对气候变化和人类活动敏感。研究该区域草地物种多样性及其生产力，对评估生态系统结构功能与区域生态保护意义重大，但其对环境因子的响应及环境因子、物种多样性对生产力的调控机制仍存争议。本研究基于三江源国家公园（唐北区域）144个样点的实测数据，包括群落结构、土壤因素和气候指标，采用回归分析、层次分割和结构方程模型相结合的方法，解析该区域物种多样性与生产力的关系及其影响机制。研究结果表明：物种丰富度与地上净初级生产力（Aboveground net primary productivity， ANPP）的关系（R²=0.18）比Shannon-Wiener指数与ANPP的关系（R²=0.09）更为紧密；土壤速效磷对物种丰富度的解释率最高（33.51%），年均降水量对Shannon-Wiener指数的解释率为20.98%，均呈正相关关系；气候因子和土壤因子对ANPP具有直接影响，而地理因子通过调控气候因子间接影响ANPP。本研究阐明了三江源国家公园（唐北区域）物种多样性与生产力关系的分异特征，发现土壤速效磷、年均降水量等对物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数影响显著，且气候、土壤和地理因子以直接或间接方式调控了草地生产力，为解析高寒草地生态系统结构与功能关系提供了依据。

关键词: 三江源国家公园, 植物多样性, 地上生物量, 气候因子, 土壤养分

CLC Number:

S812

TIAN Miao, AN Hang, LIU Zhi-jun, YANG Ting, WANG Wen-bi, HAO Biao-biao, GONG Jun-qiang, OU Ke-jie, LIU Yong-jie, SU Jun-hu. The Response Characteristics of Grassland Species Diversity and Productivity to Environmental Factors in the Three-River-Source Area[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(12): 3983-3993.

田淼, 安航, 刘智军, 杨婷, 王文碧, 郝彪彪, 龚俊强, 欧克杰, 刘永杰, 苏军虎. 三江源区草地物种多样性和生产力对环境因子的响应特征[J]. 草地学报, 2025, 33(12): 3983-3993.

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The Response Characteristics of Grassland Species Diversity and Productivity to Environmental Factors in the Three-River-Source Area

三江源区草地物种多样性和生产力对环境因子的响应特征

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