Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 2132-2139.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.009

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Effects of Rainfall on Nutritional Quality and Fungal Community Structure in Alfalfa During Drying Process

LIU Li-ying1, WANG Yu-zhi1, LIU Zhi-gang2, LIU Hong-mei1, YANG Yi-wen1, DING Xia3, SUN Lin4   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science, Key Laboratory of Forage Cutting, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Desert Ecological System and Engineering, China, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region environmental monitoring station Ordos sub-station, Eerdos, Inner Mongolia 017200, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Agricultural University College of Grassland Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China;
    4. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010031, China
  • Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-04-07 Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-07-18

雨淋对苜蓿干燥过程中营养品质及真菌菌群结构的影响

刘丽英1, 王玉芝1, 刘志刚2, 刘红梅1, 杨溢文1, 丁霞3, 孙林4   

  1. 1. 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院/内蒙古自治区沙地(沙漠)生态系统与生态工程重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;
    2. 内蒙古自治区环境监测总站鄂尔多斯分站, 内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017200;
    3. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;
    4. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 通讯作者: 孙林,E-mail:sunlin2013@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘丽英（1983-），女，汉族，内蒙古呼和浩特人，博士，副研究员，主要从事饲草加工与利用研究，E-mail：365liying@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区青年基金项目（2022QN03024）；内蒙古自治区林业科学研究能力提升项目（2024NLTS05）资助

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Abstract: exposing rain is very easy to cause mildew and deterioration during the drying process of the second and third cuttings of alfalfa hay in northern areas. To investigate the impact of rainfall on the nutritional quality and fungal community succession in alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） during the drying process， this study analyzed the moisture content， nutritional components， and fungal diversity in alfalfa under rain-exposed and rain-free conditions. The findings revealed that rainfall at the harvest stage extended the drying period by 3 to 4 days. At the ninth day of drying， the concentrations of crude protein （CP）， soluble protein （SP）， and water-soluble carbohydrates （WSC） in the exposed-rain group significantly decreased by 6.49%， 0.92%， and 0.83%， respectively， while neutral detergent fiber （NDF） and acid detergent fiber （ADF） significantly increased by 3.60% and 3.81%（P<0.05）， respectively， compared to the non-rain group. As the drying duration extended， DM， NDF， and ADF levels significantly increased， whereas CP， SP and WSC levels significantly decreased in both groups. Seven predominant mold genera（Alternaria， Mycocentrospora， Ascochyta， Fusarium， Moesziomyces， Stemphylium， Cladosporium）were identified on the surface of the hay during the drying process. Rainfall increased the sum abundance values of the 7 types of fungi in alfalfa hay by 13.89%. Additionally， Mycocentrospora exhibited an extremely significant negative correlation with CP and significant negative correlations with SP and WSC. In summary， rainfall significantly prolonged the drying time of alfalfa， and exacerbated the loss of nutrients and the risk of mildew.

Key words: Rainfall, Drying, Alfalfa, Nutritional quality, Fungi

摘要： 雨淋极易造成北方地区2、3茬苜蓿干草调制过程中发霉变质，为探究紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）干燥过程中雨淋对其营养品质变化及真菌群落演替的影响，本试验测定分析雨淋和未雨淋处理下干燥过程中苜蓿的含水量、营养成分及真菌群落结构。结果表明：收获时淋雨可导致苜蓿干燥时间延长3~4 d。与未雨淋苜蓿相比，雨淋组苜蓿干燥第9 d时，其粗蛋白质（Crude protein，CP）、可溶性蛋白（Soluble protein，SP）、可溶性碳水化合物（Water soluble carbohydrates，WSC）含量分别显著降低了6.49%，0.92%，0.83%，中性洗涤纤维（Neutral detergent fiber，NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（Acid detergent fiber，ADF）含量分别显著升高了3.60%和3.81%（P<0.05）。随干燥时间延长，雨淋组和未雨淋组苜蓿的干物质（Dry matter，DM）、NDF及ADF含量均显著上升，CP，SP，WSC含量均显著下降。苜蓿干燥过程中主要有7类霉菌（Alternaria，Mycocentrospora，Ascohyta，Fusarium，Moesziomyces，Stemphylium，Cladosporium）附着于干草表面，雨淋可使苜蓿干草7类霉菌丰度值之和增加13.89%。随着干燥时间的延长，菌刺孢属与CP呈极显著负相关，与SP、WSC呈显著负相关。综上所述，雨淋显著延长苜蓿干燥时间，加剧苜蓿营养流失与霉变风险。

关键词: 雨淋, 干燥, 苜蓿干草, 营养品质, 真菌

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