Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 2502-2511.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.08.010

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Effects of Grazing on Soil Phosphorus Conversion Rate in Alpine Meadow in Spring Pasture

WANG Rui1, SU Shi-feng1, YIN Ya-li1, ZHAO Wen1, WANG Yan-long1, LI Shi-xiong1,2,3   

  1. 1. Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem in the Three-River-Source, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China;
    3. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China
  • Received:2024-11-04 Revised:2024-12-15 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-27

放牧对高寒草甸春季草场土壤磷素转化率的影响

王瑞1, 苏世锋1, 尹亚丽1, 赵文1, 王彦龙1, 李世雄1,2,3   

  1. 1. 青海大学, 青海 西宁 810000;
    2. 三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室/青海大学, 青海 西宁 810000;
    3. 青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室/青海大学, 青海 西宁 810000
  • 通讯作者: 李世雄, E-mail:shixionglee@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:王瑞(2001-),女,汉族,甘肃张掖人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态与环境保护研究,E-mail:19993617604@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省自然基金(2023-ZJ-921M)资助

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of spring grazing utilization on soil phosphorus conversion rate in alpine meadow, the spring grassland of alpine meadow in Qilian Mountains was taken as the research object. The effects of different grazing intensities( CK: Control, no grazing, LG: Light grazing or lightly grazed, MG: Moderate grazing, HG: Heavy grazing, EG: Extremely heavy grazing) on grassland vegetation community characteristics, soil physical and chemical properties, soil phosphorus content and soil phosphorus conversion rate were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of grazing intensity, the total vegetation coverage, height, aboveground biomass and the proportion of important value of gramineous plants decreased, while the soil temperature increased, and the maximum was 18.54℃ under extremely heavy grazing. The content of available phosphorus in soil decreased significantly after grazing, and the content of available phosphorus in grassland was the lowest under moderate grazing treatment, which was 3.24 mg·kg-1. The conversion rate of soil microbial biomass phosphorus was the highest under heavy grazing, which was 6.70%. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a strong correlation between soil inorganic phosphorus conversion rate and total vegetation coverage, available phosphorus conversion rate and soil water content.The results of comprehensive evaluation showed that the phosphorus conversion rate of grassland in spring grassland was the highest under extremely heavy grazing (extremely heavy grazing>heavy grazing>no grazing>moderate grazing>light grazing), which was not conducive to the accumulation of grassland phosphorus and the stability of grassland ecosystem.

Key words: Alpine meadow, Spring pasture, Grazing intensity, Phosphor, Phosphorus conversion rate

摘要: 为探究放牧利用对高寒草甸春季草场土壤磷素转化率的影响,以祁连山高寒草甸春季草场为研究对象,调查和分析了不同放牧强度(未放牧:Control, CK;轻度放牧: Light grazing,LG;中度放牧: Moderate grazing, MG;重度放牧: Heavy grazing, HG;极重度放牧: Extremely heavy grazing,EG)对草地植被群落特征、土壤理化性质、土壤磷素含量和土壤磷素转化率的影响。结果表明:随着放牧强度增加,植被总盖度、高度、地上生物量和禾本科植物重要值占比降低,而土壤温度随之增加,极重度放牧时最大,为18.54℃;土壤速效磷含量显著降低,中度放牧处理下草地速效磷含量最低,为3.24 mg·kg-1;重度放牧时土壤微生物量磷转化率最大,为6.70%;Pearson相关分析表明,土壤无机磷转化率与植被总盖度、速效磷转化率与土壤含水量均呈现出较强的相关性;综合评价表明:高寒草甸春季草场土壤磷素转化率在极重度放牧时最高(极重度放牧>重度放牧>未放牧>中度放牧>轻度放牧),不利于草地磷素的积累,草地生态系统稳定性降低。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 春季草场, 放牧强度, 磷素, 磷素转化率

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