Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 3662-3673.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.013

Previous Articles    

Genetic Diversity Analysis of White clover（Trifolium repens L.）Germplasm Resources Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers

LIU Tong-wei1, ZHANG Yu-song1, LIU Fang2, CHANG Zhi-hui1   

  1. 1. Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
    2. National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China
  • Received:2025-12-04 Revised:2026-02-03 Published:2026-10-10

基于表型性状及SSR标记的白三叶种质资源遗传多样性分析

刘彤炜1, 张毓松1, 刘芳2, 常智慧1   

  1. 1. 北京林业大学, 北京 100083;
    2. 全国畜牧总站, 北京 100125
  • 通讯作者: 常智慧, E-mail: changzh@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘彤炜（2000-），女，满族，北京人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草育种研究，E-mail：liutongwei@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    科技基础资源调查专项“青藏高原及南方山地丘陵草原区乡土草种种质资源调查”（2024FY100303）资助

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Abstract: White clover （Trifolium repens L.） is a vital leguminous forage， and the genetic diversity of its germplasm resources serves as the fundamental basis for breeding and utilization. In this study， 58 accessions of white clover collected from 19 countries across five continents were characterized to evaluate their genetic diversity using both phenotypic traits and simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular markers. The results showed that the coefficients of phenotypic variation were relatively high in terms of plant height， biomass， and stem-to-leaf ratio， while leaf traits showed lower variability. Based on phenotypic traits， the accessions were categorized into four groups， showing a correlation with geographic distribution. A total of 371 amplified bands were obtained by SSR markers， with a polymorphism rate of 92.45%. Population genetic analysis revealed a mean observed number of alleles （Na） of 1.900 and an effective number of alleles （Ne） of 1.359. Both UPGMA clustering and STRUCTURE analysis （K=4） consistently divided the accessions into four genetic groups. The research demonstrates that white clover germplasm resources possess a medium level of genetic variation，phenotypic and SSR-based clustering were not fully consistent； both showed partial correlation with geographic origin， with phenotypic clustering showing a more direct correspondence This study elucidates the genetic diversity and population structure of 58 white clover accessions， providing a theoretical basis for subsequent germplasm identification and new variety breeding.

Key words: Trifolium repens L., Phenotypic traits, SSR, Genetic diversity, Population genetic structure

摘要： 白三叶（Trifolium repens L.）是重要的豆科牧草，其种质资源的遗传多样性是育种与利用的基础。本研究选取58份白三叶种质，通过表型性状和简单重复序列（Simple sequence repeats，SSR）分子标记技术对其进行遗传多样性评价。结果显示，供试材料在株高、生物量和茎叶比的表型变异系数较高，而叶部性状变异较小；基于表型性状可将材料聚为4个类群，且与地理分布具有一定相关性。SSR标记共获得371条扩增条带，多态性比率达到92.45%。群体遗传分析表明58份种质平均观测等位基因数（Na）为1.900，有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.359。UPGMA聚类与STRUCTURE群体结构分析（K=4）均支持将材料分为4个遗传类群。研究表明，白三叶种质资源遗传多样性处于中等水平，表型聚类与地理来源的对应关系更为直接。本研究阐明了58份白三叶种质的遗传多样性及群体结构，为后续种质鉴定和新品种选育奠定理论基础。

关键词: 白三叶, 表型性状, SSR, 遗传多样性, 群体遗传结构

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