Abstract: This experiments studies on the adaptation of different alfalfa in Yellow River delta. The results are as follow:Root of alfalfa are mainly distributed in 0~30cm layer below the surface of soil because of the high paretic water and soil salt-It will induced production of secondary roots after its taproot was severed. Developmental secondary roots were one of the main characters for alfalfa to adapt in this region. Root system can greatly declined the content of total soil salt, and increased the contents organic matter and total nitrogen of 0~30cm soil layer, The‘Wudi’ alfalfa had different effect on different soil ions, it can greatly declined the contents of CO₃^2-,C1-,SO₄^2- and Na⁺,and can declined the contents of HCO₃^-,Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺, and K⁺.‘Naiyan’,‘German’ and ‘Wudi’ alfalfa had high root regeneration ability (RRA),RRA of‘Baoding’ and ‘Bilu’ alfalfa in the middle level, RRA of ‘Longdong’ and ‘Tongxin’ were low in the field experiment. In order to develpoment alfalfa industry in this area, We should select high RRA alfalfa cultivars, build water conservancy project and plant alfalfa with high density.

Key words: Alfalfa, Adaptation, Secondary root, Root regeneration ability

摘要： 本文研究了不同苜蓿品种在黄河三角洲地区的生态适应性。结果表明,该地区紫花苜蓿的根系主要分布于0～30cm土层,因受到潜水水位及盐分的影响,主根被伤害从而诱导侧根发育是苜蓿适应该地区的主要特征之一。根系对降低表层土壤含盐量及有机质和全氮含量的增加有明显效果。当地地方品种无棣苜蓿对降低土壤离子含量的程度各异,对降低CO₃^2-、Cl^-、SO₄^2-和Na⁺含量的作用明显,对HCO₃^-、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和K⁺含量的降低有一定效果。在参试品种中,耐盐、德国和无棣苜蓿根系发育较强,保定和秘鲁苜蓿居中,陇东和同心苜蓿的根系发育相对较弱。为此进一步筛选根系发育能力强的苜蓿品种、建立良好的排灌系统、高密度种植和集约化栽培管理(45kg/hm²)是保证该地区苜蓿稳产、高产的有效措施。

关键词: 苜蓿, 适应性, 侧根, 根系发育能力