Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 2698-2707.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.031

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Effects of Biocrust Addition and Non-woven Fabric Covering on the Restoration of Degraded Alpine Grasslands

HU Hao1, WANG Qing1, HE Xiao-fan2, CHEN Ying-yan1, NIE Jia-xin1, LIU Fang-qian1, ZHOU Jin-lu1, LI Yu-hong1, ZHAO Kun1, ZHANG Jian-li3, WANG Xiang4, SHAO Xin-qing1, JIA Shan-gang1   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    3. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grassland Station, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830049, China;
    4. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2025-11-24 Revised:2026-01-28 Published:2026-07-02

生物结皮添加和无纺布覆盖对退化高寒草地修复效果研究

胡昊1, 王青1, 贺晓帆2, 陈盈燕1, 聂嘉欣1, 刘芳茜1, 周金露1, 李昱宏1, 赵琨1, 张建立3, 王祥4, 邵新庆1, 贾善刚1   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    3. 新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830049;
    4. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 通讯作者: 贾善刚,E-mail:shangang.jia@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:胡昊(1998-),男,汉族,安徽芜湖人,硕士研究生,主要从事退化草地恢复方向研究,E-mail:huhao@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    林草科技推广示范项目“免耕补播促进重度退化高寒草原生产生态功能提升技术”(QLC2024TG14);2026年中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(编号:新[2026]TG06号)资助

Abstract: The degradation of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau severely threatens regional ecological security, creating an urgent need for restoration techniques that balance rapid vegetation recovery with long-term functional enhancement. This study employed a field-controlled experiment to systematically investigate the effects of biocrust addition, non-woven fabric covering, and their combined treatment on the ecological restoration of degraded alpine grassland. Sixteen plots were established in Gangcha County, Qinghai Province, using a randomized block design. Vegetation characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, and erosion resistance were measured. The results showed that: (1) The non-woven fabric treatment rapidly restored vegetation, and significantly increased aboveground dry matter and vegetation coverage by 375.5% and 107.6%, respectively, compared to the control. (2) The biocrust treatment facilitated long-term ecological function recovery, and enhanced plant diversity and moss crust coverage by 40.4% and 863.6%, respectively. It also significantly increased soil organic matter and total nitrogen content in the crust layer by 20.8% and 13.1%. (3) The comprehensive treatment exhibited the strongest synergistic effect, reducing the soil erosion modulus by 83.1% compared to the control group. In conclusion, non-woven fabric covering is suitable for rapid vegetation recovery, biocrust addition promotes long-term soil improvement and biodiversity, and their combination offers synergistic advantages in enhancing nutrient availability and controlling soil erosion. This study provides an optimized multi-objective technical approach for restoring degraded alpine grassland.

Key words: Alpine grassland, Soil erosion resistance, Ecological restoration, Synergistic effect

摘要: 青藏高原高寒草地退化严重威胁区域生态安全,急需兼顾快速植被恢复与长期功能提升的修复技术。本研究通过野外控制试验,系统探究了生物结皮添加、无纺布覆盖及其综合处理对退化高寒草地生态修复的影响。试验在青海省刚察县设置16个样方并采用随机区组设计,测定了植被特征、土壤理化性质及抗蚀性。结果表明:(1)无纺布处理能快速恢复植被,其地上干物质量和植被盖度较对照组分别显著提升375.5%和107.6%;(2)生物结皮处理利于长期生态功能恢复,植物多样性和苔藓结皮盖度分别增加40.4%和863.6%,并显著提升结皮层土壤有机质和全氮含量(增幅分别为20.8%和13.1%);(3)综合处理组表现出最佳协同效应,其土壤侵蚀模数较对照组显著降低83.1%。综上,无纺布覆盖适用于快速恢复植被盖度,生物结皮添加利于长期土壤改良与生物多样性提升,而二者结合的综合措施在协同提升养分有效性和控制土壤侵蚀方面优势显著,为高寒退化草地的多目标修复提供了优化方案。

关键词: 高寒草地, 土壤抗蚀性, 生态修复, 协同效应

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