Effect of Grazing Intensity on the Soil Organic Carbon And its Active Components on Xilingol League Typical Steppe

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.024

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3403-3411.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.024

Effect of Grazing Intensity on the Soil Organic Carbon And its Active Components on Xilingol League Typical Steppe

HE Li-ming¹, LIU Xin-rui¹, WANG Zhong-wu¹, YAN Jia¹, ZHANG Ting-yi¹, QU Zhi-qiang¹, LI Zhi-guo¹, ZHANG Heng²

1. College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018,China;
2. Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Zhengxiangbai Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Zhengxiangbai Banner, Xilingol League,Inner Mongolia 013800, China

Received:2025-12-29 Revised:2026-03-06 Published:2026-09-11

放牧强度对锡林郭勒典型草原土壤有机碳及其活性组分的影响

赫黎明¹, 刘欣蕊¹, 王忠武¹, 闫佳¹, 张挺祎¹, 屈志强¹, 李治国¹, 张恒²

1. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018;
2. 内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟正镶白旗林草局, 内蒙古锡林郭勒 013800

通讯作者: 王忠武, E-mail: wangzhongwu@imau.edu.cn
作者简介:赫黎明(2000-),男,汉族,内蒙古通辽人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地资源生态与管理研究,E-mail:imauhlm@163.com
基金资助:
内蒙古农业大学一流学科科研专项（YLXKZX-NND-002）；内蒙古科技重大专项（2024JBGS0011）；内蒙古农业大学草地资源教育部重点实验室资助

Abstract

Abstract: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of varying grazing intensities on soil active organic carbon fractions and their environmental driving mechanisms in the typical steppe of Xilingol League， which could provide empirical support for carbon management strategies in grassland ecosystems. Three grazing treatments—no grazing （CK）， moderate grazing （MG）， and heavy grazing （HG）—were established in the experimental area using a completely randomized block design with five replicates per treatment. Soil physicochemical properties， soil organic carbon （SOC）， and its active fractions were quantified and analyzed. Compared to CK， MG significantly decreased the contents of particulate organic carbon （POC） and microbial biomass carbon （MBC）， but significantly increased the easily oxidizable organic carbon （EOC） content. The HG treatment significantly reduced the contents of POC and dissolved organic carbon （DOC）. Furthermore， POC and MBC contents under MG were significantly higher than those under HG. SOC exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with all its active fractions （P<0.05）. Soil water content （SWC） and total nitrogen （TN） were identified as the key factors influencing SOC and its fractions. Overall， grazing reduced the contents of SOC and its active fractions in the typical steppe. Therefore， avoiding heavy grazing is recommended. Incorporating soil moisture regulation and moderate nitrogen supplementation during pasture utilization can enhance soil carbon sequestration， thereby maintaining soil quality and carbon pool functionality.

Key words: Typical steppe, Grazing intensity, Active components of soil organic carbon, Biomass

摘要： 本研究旨在揭示不同放牧强度对锡林郭勒盟典型草原土壤活性有机碳组分的影响及其环境驱动机制，为草地生态系统碳管理策略提供实证支撑。在实验区设置不放牧（CK）、中度放牧（MG）和重度放牧（HG）3个处理，采用完全随机区组设计（各5个重复），对土壤理化性质、有机碳及其各活性组分进行测定与分析。与CK相比，MG显著降低了颗粒有机碳和微生物量碳含量，但显著提高了易氧化有机碳含量；HG显著降低了颗粒有机碳和可溶性有机碳含量。MG下的颗粒有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量显著高于HG。有机碳与其各活性组分均呈极显著正相关（P<0.05）；土壤含水量和总氮是影响有机碳及其组分的关键因子。放牧总体上会降低典型草原有机碳及其活性组分含量。因此，建议避免重度放牧，在利用过程中结合水分调控与适度补氮以增强土壤碳固存，维持土壤质量与碳库功能。

关键词: 典型草原, 放牧, 土壤有机碳活性组分, 生物量

CLC Number:

S812.2

HE Li-ming, LIU Xin-rui, WANG Zhong-wu, YAN Jia, ZHANG Ting-yi, QU Zhi-qiang, LI Zhi-guo, ZHANG Heng. Effect of Grazing Intensity on the Soil Organic Carbon And its Active Components on Xilingol League Typical Steppe[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(9): 3403-3411.

赫黎明, 刘欣蕊, 王忠武, 闫佳, 张挺祎, 屈志强, 李治国, 张恒. 放牧强度对锡林郭勒典型草原土壤有机碳及其活性组分的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(9): 3403-3411.

References

[1] DLAMINI P，CHIVENGE P，CHAPLOT V. Overgrazing decreases soil organic carbon stocks the most under dry climates and low soil pH： A meta-analysis shows[J]. Agriculture，Ecosystems & Environment，2016，221：258-269
[2] ZHANG Y J，ZHU J T，SHEN R N，et al. Research progress on the effects of grazing on grassland ecosystem[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology，2020，44（5）：553-564 张扬建，朱军涛，沈若楠，等. 放牧对草地生态系统影响的研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报，2020，44（5）：553-564
[3] GAO L，ZHANG S W，ZHU Z Y，et al. Effects of grazing on plant communities and ecological functions in typical steppe[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation，2019，26（6）：205-211 高露，张圣微，朱仲元，等. 放牧对干旱半干旱草原植物群落结构和生态功能的影响[J]. 水土保持研究，2019，26（6）：205-211
[4] GONG J R，WANG Y H，LIU M，et al. Effects of land use on soil respiration in the temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia，China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research，2014，144：20-31
[5] ZHANG Z C，HUA T，ZHAO Y H，et al. Divergent effects of moderate grazing duration on carbon sequestration between temperate and Alpine grasslands in China[J]. Science of the Total Environment，2023，858：159621
[6] SCHMIDT M W I，TORN M S，ABIVEN S，et al. Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property[J]. Nature，2011，478（7367）：49-56
[7] BAI X J，GUO Z H，HUANG Y M，et al. Root cellulose drives soil fulvic acid carbon sequestration in the grassland restoration process[J]. Catena，2020，191：104575
[8] YAN C Y，GONG J R，ZHANG S Q，et al. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil active organic carbon in a temperate grassland of Nei Mongol，China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology，2024，48（2）：229-241 颜辰亦，龚吉蕊，张斯琦，等. 氮添加对内蒙古温带草原土壤活性有机碳的影响[J]. 植物生态学报，2024，48（2）：229-241
[9] LIU X D，CHEN L，YANG X G，et al. Characteristics of soil labile organic carbon fractions and their relationship with soil enzyme activities in four typical communities in desert steppe[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica，2016，36（9）：1882-1890 刘学东，陈林，杨新国，等. 荒漠草原典型植物群落土壤活性有机碳组分特征及其与酶活性的关系[J]. 西北植物学报，2016，36（9）：1882-1890
[10] LIANG A Z，ZHANG X P，YANG X M，et al. Dynamics of soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-incorporated organic carbon in black soils in Northeast China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica，2010，47（1）：153-158 梁爱珍，张晓平，杨学明，等. 黑土颗粒态有机碳与矿物结合态有机碳的变化研究[J]. 土壤学报，2010，47（1）：153-158
[11] LI S J. Analysis on the differentiation trend of soil particulate organic carbon in different plant communities under different grazing gradients in Alpine meadow[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine，2018（23）：149-151 李生军. 高寒草甸不同植物群落在不同放牧梯度下土壤颗粒有机碳分异趋势分析[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医，2018（23）：149-151
[12] SHU J H，CAI Y M，DING L L，et al. Effect of different grazing intensities on soil nutrient and active organic carbon in Guizhou artificial grassland[J]. Ecological Science，2018，37（1）：42-48 舒健虹，蔡一鸣，丁磊磊，等. 不同放牧强度对贵州人工草地土壤养分及活性有机碳的影响[J]. 生态科学，2018，37（1）：42-48
[13] MA X Z. Effects of cultivation and grazing on soil carbon pool and greenhouse gases fluxes in the Inner Mongolia steppes[D]. Beijing：Institute of Botany，Chinese Academy of Sciences，2006：46-50 马秀枝. 开垦和放牧对内蒙古草原土壤碳库和温室气体通量的影响[D]. 北京：中国科学院研究生院（植物研究所），2006：46-50
[14] GAO X F，WU C Y，HAN G D. Effect of grazing on several ecological factors of the soil in typical Steppe[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment，2010，24（4）：130-133 高雪峰，武春燕，韩国栋. 放牧对典型草原土壤中几种生态因子影响的研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境，2010，24（4）：130-133
[15] HE X H，TANG Y，LIU X R，et al. Effects of different grazing intensities on soil organic carbon in typical grasslands[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica，2026，34（2）：624-631 贺笑寒，唐玥，刘欣蕊，等. 不同放牧强度对典型草原土壤有机碳的影响[J]. 草地学报，2026，34（2）：624-631
[16] LIU X R. The study on plant diversity and its relationship with soil nutrients in typical steppe under different grazing intensities[D]. Hohhot：Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，2024：23-25 刘欣蕊. 不同放牧强度下典型草原植物多样性及其与土壤养分关系的研究[D]. 呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学，2024：23-25
[17] SUN C C，AN H T，DONG Q M，et al. Effects of grazing intensity on soil physicochemical properties and soil particle size fractal characteristics of Alpine grassland in the Qinghai Lake area[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland，2024，46（8）：88-96 孙彩彩，安海涛，董全民，等. 放牧强度对环青海湖地区高寒草地土壤理化性质及土壤粒径分形特征的影响[J]. 中国草地学报，2024，46（8）：88-96
[18] SU Y Z，ZHAO H L. Influences of grazing and exclosure on carbon sequestration in degraded sandy grassland，Inner Mongolia，North China[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science，2003，24（4）：23-28 苏永中，赵哈林. 持续放牧和围封对科尔沁退化沙地草地碳截存的影响[J]. 环境科学，2003，24（4）：23-28
[19] SA R，CAO F，AO T G，et al. Effects of short-term grazing intensities on soil organic carbon and pH value in the typical steppe[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science，2014，35（3）：5-7 萨仁高娃，曹芙，敖特根，等. 短期放牧强度对典型草原土壤有机碳及pH值的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学，2014，35（3）：5-7
[20] HAYNES R J，WILLIAMS P H. Changes in soil solution composition and pH in urine-affected areas of pasture[J]. Journal of Soil Science，1992，43（2）：323-334
[21] AN H，XU K. The effect of grazing disturbance on soil properties in desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica，2013，22（4）：35-42 安慧，徐坤. 放牧干扰对荒漠草原土壤性状的影响[J]. 草业学报，2013，22（4）：35-42
[22] YIN W，GUO Y，CHEN G P，et al. Response of composition of soil aggregates and distribution of organic carbon and total nitrogen to straw returning in an oasis area[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas，2019，37（3）：139-148 殷文，郭瑶，陈桂平，等. 绿洲农田土壤团聚体组成及有机碳和全氮分布对秸秆还田方式的响应[J]. 干旱地区农业研究，2019，37（3）：139-148
[23] GAO C F，ZHANG Y H，LI Z Y，et al. Effects of short-term grazing with different intensities on soil physicochemical properties in Alpine meadow[J]. China Herbivore Science，2024，44（1）：19-24 高成芬，张永辉，李智燕，等. 不同强度短期放牧对高寒草甸土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 中国草食动物科学，2024，44（1）：19-24
[24] JIA L Y，CHEN Q，ZHANG L Z，et al. Effects of grazing and enclosure on physicochemical properties of soil aggregates in Leymus chinensis steppe，Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Tianjin Normal University （Natural Science Edition），2021，41（6）：40-45 贾丽英，陈清，张洛梓，等. 放牧和围封对内蒙古羊草草原土壤团聚体理化性质的影响[J]. 天津师范大学学报（自然科学版），2021，41（6）：40-45
[25] HOU W F，WU E，AO T G，et al. Effect of different grazing intensities on aboveground biomass in Stipa krylovii typical steppe[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland，2016，38（6）：71-77 候伟峰，乌恩，敖特根，等. 放牧强度对克氏针茅典型草原地上生物量的影响[J]. 中国草地学报，2016，38（6）：71-77
[26] FANG K，SONG N P，WEI L，et al. The effect of different grazing systems on aboveground biomass and interspecific relationships in desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica，2012，21（5）：12-22 方楷，宋乃平，魏乐，等. 不同放牧制度对荒漠草原地上生物量及种间关系的影响[J]. 草业学报，2012，21（5）：12-22
[27] YANG H L，SUN Z J，FAN Y M，et al. Effects of short-period grazing on soil active organic carbon fractions in Zhaosu meadow steppe[J]. Pratacultural Science，2013，30（12）：1926-1932 杨合龙，孙宗玖，范燕敏，等. 短期放牧对昭苏草甸草原土壤活性有机碳组分的影响[J]. 草业科学，2013，30（12）：1926-1932
[28] MCSHERRY M E，RITCHIE M E. Effects of grazing on grassland soil carbon： a global review[J]. Global Change Biology，2013，19（5）：1347-1357
[29] WANG Q L，WANG C T，DU Y G，et al. Grazing impact on soil microbial biomass carbon and relationships with soil environment in Alpine Kobresia meadow[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica，2008，17（2）：39-46 王启兰，王长庭，杜岩功，等. 放牧对高寒嵩草草甸土壤微生物量碳的影响及其与土壤环境的关系[J]. 草业学报，2008，17（2）：39-46
[30] FU Q. The effects of grazing intensity on the fractions and stability of soil organic carbon in a typical steppe[D]. Hohhot：Inner Mongolia University，2023：32-38 付强. 放牧强度对典型草原土壤有机碳组分及其稳定性的影响研究[D]. 呼和浩特：内蒙古大学，2023：32-38
[31] GONG L，LUO Y，XIE L N. Changes in SOC and SIC concentration with land uses and their soil influencing factors in northern marginal zones of Tarim Basin[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University，2017，22（12）：83-94 贡璐，罗艳，解丽娜. 塔里木盆地北缘绿洲不同土地利用方式土壤有机碳、无机碳变化及其土壤影响因子[J]. 中国农业大学学报，2017，22（12）：83-94
[32] QUAN Z M，QI Y，ZHOU Z H，et al. Effects of Lathyrus sativus return to the field and nitrogen rate reduction on paddy soil labile organic carbon and soil enzyme activities[J]. Pratacultural Science，2024，41（5）：1057-1067 全紫曼，漆燕，周泽弘，等. 山黧豆还田与氮肥减施对稻田土壤活性有机碳组分及酶活性的影响[J]. 草业科学，2024，41（5）：1057-1067
[33] ALHASSAN A M，MA W W，LI G，et al. Response of soil organic carbon to vegetation degradation along a moisture gradient in a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Ecology and Evolution，2018，8（23）：11999-12010
[34] WANG X T，WU Y N，WANG Y，et al. The relationship between soil organic carbon and nitrogen distribution and community biomass in the process of grassland degradation[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences，2014（9）：104-110 王雪婷，乌云娜，王洋，等. 草原退化过程中土壤碳氮分布与群落生物量的关系[J]. 黑龙江农业科学，2014（9）：104-110

Effect of Grazing Intensity on the Soil Organic Carbon And its Active Components on Xilingol League Typical Steppe

放牧强度对锡林郭勒典型草原土壤有机碳及其活性组分的影响

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LI Xiu-ting, LU Mao-jin, ZHAO Yi-hao, ZHANG Liang, ZHONG Zhi-hua, ZHAO Jia-xin, SUN Cheng-xing, DENG Bo-si-tian, LIU Yi-bo, MA Yu-wen, MA Zi-chen, MA Xiang, WANG Ya-fang, LIU Min-guo. Oat Canopy Structural Parameter Extraction and Biomass Prediction Using 3D Gaussian Splatting [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(8): 2776-2786.
[2]	YU Hong-yan, YE Yang-qi, CHEN Jin, FENG Shuo, WANG Zhi-hao, LUO Shun-hua, WANG Xian-ying, HUANG Tao, QIN Yu, MENG Bao-ping. Evaluation of Degraded Grassland Restoration Effect Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing Data： A Case Study of Alpine Meadow in the Qinghai Section of Qilian Mountain National Park [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(8): 2921-2932.
[3]	NAN Yan-bin, ZHANG Jun-feng, YANG Xiao-xia, LI Na, LIU Yu-zhen, LIU Wen-ting, DONG Quan-min. Response of the Multifunctionality of the Alpine Grassland Ecosystem to Grazing Intensity Based on Plant Functional Traits and Soil Factors [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(8): 3081-3090.
[4]	LI Jia-le, MENG Ling-xu, MAO Nan, BAI Yan-nan, ZHANG Ying-jun, LIU Nan. Vertical Differentiation of Soil Structure and Water Retention under Different Grassland Management Practices and Their Relationships with Root Systems [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(7): 2355-2365.
[5]	CAO Jing, WANG Wen-hui, LI Zhen-song, RONG Yu-ping. Divergent Adaptation of Cenchrus spinifex Heteromorphic Seeds to Light and Water Conditions [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(7): 2393-2402.
[6]	XUE Yi-fan, WANG Ning-bin, LI Shao-yu, FAN Jia-yue, Lü Jin-ling, CHA Jun-xiang, SUN Hai-lin, ZHANG Feng, ZHANG Bin, ZHAO Meng-li. Effects of Different Grazing Intensities on Soil Enzyme Activities and Driving Factors in Stipa breviflora Desert Steppe [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(7): 2615-2623.
[7]	WANG Yu-jie, DOU Zi-yi, FANG Ju-mei, WANG Ling-ling, ZHENG Wei. Effects of Different Grazing Intensities of Yili Horses on the Carrying Capacity of Zhaosu Mountain Meadow Grassland [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(6): 2147-2160.
[8]	FU Tian-hao, LIU Xing-yi, DONG Yi-qiang, YAN An, SONG Yong-kang, YANG Chun-ying, SAN Xing-yun, LEI Ya-xin, WU Kai. Community Structure and Modular Biomass Allocation Patterns of Seriphidium borotalense in Sagebrush Deserts at Different Degradation Gradients [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(6): 2196-2206.
[9]	FENG Tan, PU Xing, Lü Chun-lei, SUN Lei. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on the Productivity and Biodiversity in Degraded Alpine Steppe [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(6): 2207-2216.
[10]	WANG Ning-bin, LI Shao-yu, ZHENG Jia-hua, ZHANG Feng, ZHANG Bin, WANG Qi, ZHAO Meng-li, JI Xiang. The Influence of Different Grazing Intensities on the Characteristics of Algal Crusts in the Desert Steppe of Inner Mongolia [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(6): 2269-2276.
[11]	YIN Qian-qian, SHEN Xiao-xia, YANG Pei-zhi. Regrowth Performance after Cutting and Physiological Mechanisms among Different Alfalfa Cultivars [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(5): 1632-1640.
[12]	ZHAO Jia-le, WANG Zi-han, WANG Zhong-wu, Lü Shi-jie, ZHANG Xing-fu. Effects of Grazing on Leaf Functional Traits of Dominant Plants and Aboveground Biomass of Community in Desert Steppe [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(5): 1764-1775.
[13]	XIE Xin-yi, CHEN Chong, LI Qin-feng, BAI Yang, SHANG Jian-ying, WANG Xiang. Meta-Analysis of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Effects on Forage Growth and Soil Nutrients in China [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(5): 1807-1816.
[14]	LIU Yang-qiao, ZHANG Can-hao, DU Li-juan, YIN Xin-ru, ALTANQIQIGE, KANG Saruul. Effects of Grazing Intensity on Ecological Stoichiometry in the Litter-Soil System of a Desert Steppe [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(5): 1817-1826.
[15]	TONG Yong-shang, DONG Quan-min, YANG Jun-xia, CAO Quan, YU Yang, ZHANG Chun-ping. Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Plant Communities and Soil Properties in Perennial Alpine Cultivated Grasslands [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(3): 881-890.