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表3 齐云山自然保护区2019年调查与本次调查相似性
图4 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌中国特有种 A：裂皮鹅膏；B：袁氏鹅膏；C：重孔金牛肝菌；D：纤细金牛肝菌；E：菌索拟蜡孔菌；F：厚集毛孔菌；G：云南小奥德蘑；H：褐盖褶孔菌；I：双孢罗叶腹菌；J：干巴糙孢革菌；K：黄盖臧氏牛肝菌
图3 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌物种濒危状况
图2 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌资源评价维恩图
表2 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌属级分布类型统计
图1 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌优势科属饼状图 A：优势科；B：优势属
表1 齐云山自然保护区大型真菌物种组成
Fig. 5 Species similar in appearance to ‘dahongjun'. A: Russula griseocarnosa clade Ⅷ (HKAS 76051); B: R. griseocarnosa clade Ⅲ (HKAS 104808); C: R. dhakuriana (HKAS 104867); D: R. aff. lepida (HKAS 104840); E: R. cf. lepida (HKAS 104869); F: R. purpureozonata (HKAS 118314); G: Russula sp1 (HKAS 110297); H: R. quercina (HKAS 149469); I: Russula sp.2 (HKAS 104855); J: R. yanheensis (HKAS 104879).
Fig. 4 Russula occulta (holotype). A: Basidiocarps sold in market, B: Basidiocarps, C: Spores, D: Pleurocystidia, E: Lamellar edge, F: Pileipellis. Bars: B=1 cm, C=5 µm, D=20 µm, E, F=25 µm.
Fig. 3 Russula griseocarnosa var. ailaoshanensis (holotype). A: Basidiocarps in the habitat, B: Basidiocarp, C: Spores, D: Pleurocystidia, E: Lamellar edge, F: Pileipellis. Scale bars: B=2 cm, C=5 µm, D=20 µm, E, F= 25 µm.
Fig. 2 Maximum likelihood phylogram generated from combined ITS-nrLSU-RPB1-RPB2-TEF1-α dataset of Russula griseocarnosa complex. The thick branches indicate independent evolutionary lineages and the triangles at the nodes two species recognized by genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition. Note that clades Ⅵ and Ⅶ are not evolutionary lineages. Sample names are given in the order of herbarium number, county name and province (autonomous region) name. Copy A and B refer to the different copies of ITS or other loci when ITS has only one copy. Samples in bold are types. The tree was rooted with R. decolorans.
Table 2 Maximum likelihood bootstrap value from the single-locus genealogies and five-locus combined phylogeny for each terminal clade of Russula griseocarnosa complex
Table 1 Samples sequenced in this study and used for investigating the species diversity of ‘dahongjun' and phylogenetic species recognition of the Russula griseocarnosa complex
Fig. 1 Maximum likelihood phylogram generated from combined ITS-nrLSU-RPB1-RPB2-TEF1-α dataset of Russula subgen. Russula. Red-highlighted samples are those under the local name ‘dahongjun'. Names of these samples are given in the order of herbarium number, county name and province (autonomous region) name. The tree was rooted with two species of R. subgen. Archaeae.
图8 AflAZF1影响黄曲霉侵染花生的能力 A：WT和ΔAflAZF1菌株在花生上的生长情况；B：WT和ΔAflAZF1在花生上产生分生孢子数量的定量分析；C：WT和ΔAflAZF1产生AFB₁的薄层层析分析；D：WT和ΔAflAZF1产生AFB₁含量的定量分析
图7 AflAZF1负调控黄曲霉毒素AFB₁的合成 A：WT和ΔAflAFZ1在YES培养基上产生黄曲霉毒素AFB₁的薄层层析分析，AFB₁为黄曲霉毒素标准品；B：WT和ΔAflAFZ1在YES培养基培养时AFB₁含量的定量分析，将AFB₁标品的浓度调整为1 μg/mL，利用GeneTools软件对毒素进行相对定量；下同
图6 AflAZF1调控黄曲霉适应酸碱环境的能力 A：WT和ΔAflAZF1在不同pH培养基上的生长情况；B：WT和ΔAflAFZ1菌落直径的统计分析；C：WT和ΔAflAZF1分生孢子数量的统计分析
图5 AflAZF1调控黄曲霉的碳源利用过程 A：WT和ΔAflAZF1在不同碳源培养基上的生长情况；B：WT和ΔAflAZF1在不同的碳源培养基上第5天时菌落直径的统计分析；C：WT和ΔAflAZF1分生孢子数量的统计分析
图4 AflAZF1基因的缺失导致黄曲霉不能形成菌核 A：WT和ΔAflAZF1在YEPS培养基上菌核形成的情况；B：WT和ΔAflAZF1在第7天时菌核数量的统计分析. ND表示检测不到菌核
图3 黄曲霉中AflAZF1对营养生长和分生孢子形成的影响 A：WT和ΔAflAZF1菌株的生长和产孢；B：WT和ΔAflAFZ1菌落直径的统计分析；相对生长=菌落直径/野生型菌落直径；C：WT和ΔAflAZF1产生的分生孢子统计分析；误差棒是表示5次重复的标准差，*表示P<0.05差异显著，**表示P<0.01差异极显著；下同

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