
不同光质光照对香菇子实体农艺性状与质构品质的影响
Effects of illumination of different lights on agronomic traits and texture quality of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes
香菇Lentinula edodes是世界第一大食药用真菌,随着香菇工厂化生产逐渐规模化、周年化、标准化,香菇工厂对环境集约化及智能化控制的要求也越来越高。光照是香菇生长发育过程中重要的环境因素,本研究将转色后的香菇菌棒分别置于红光(R)、绿光(G)、蓝光(B)、红绿光(RG)、红蓝光(RB)、绿蓝光(GB)、红绿蓝光(RGB)7种光线下照射培养,以黑暗处理(CK)的香菇菌棒作为对照,探究不同光质光照对香菇子实体农艺性状与质构品质的影响。结果表明:红绿蓝光照射下单个菌棒蕾数最多,为24.33个,黑暗处理下蕾数最少,16.17个;蓝光和红绿蓝光照射下子实体产量较高,达到228.12g/棒和220.82g/棒;红光条件下子实体产量最低,为173.53g/棒。不同光质光照对香菇子实体的形态特征有影响,红光和黑暗环境会影响子实体菌盖和菌柄的颜色,使其颜色偏淡,色彩饱和度增加,并且促使菌柄的生长。绿光和蓝光照射下子实体农艺性状和质构品质好。本研究表明蓝光可以作为香菇工厂化生产出菇阶段的首选光质。
With the growth of industrialized, cyclical and standardized production of Lentinula edodes, the requirement of environmental intensification and intelligent control in production process is increased by a big margin. Light is an important environmental factor in the growth and development of L. edodes. In this study, after mycelial pigmentation stage, L. edodes growing on cultivated logs was exposed to seven kinds of light, red light (R), green light (G), blue light (B), red-green light (RG), red-blue light (RB), green-blue light (GB), and red-green-blue light (RGB), and dark was treated as control, to explore the effects of different light illumination on the agronomic traits and texture quality of L. edodes fruiting body. The results showed that the number of fruiting bodies on single cultivated log under RGB was maximum, averagely 24.33 per log, while CK was the least (16.17). The fruiting body yield under B and RGB treatment was 228.12g and 220.82g respectively per cultivated log. Under R illumination, the yield was lowest, 173.53g per cultivated log. Red light and dark environment affects the coloration of the pileus and stipe, makes the pileus and stipe light-colored, increasing color saturation and promoting the growth of stipe. The agronomic traits and texture quality of L. edodes fruiting body under green and blue light irradiation were fine. The results indicated that blue light was preferable for L. edodes production at fruiting stage.
香菇 / 光质 / 农艺性状 / 质构品质 {{custom_keyword}} /
Lentinula edodes / light illumination / agronomic traits / texture quality {{custom_keyword}} /
图1 不同光质光照处理G、GB、B、RG、RB、R、RGB分别为绿光、绿蓝光、蓝光、红绿光、红蓝光、红光、红绿蓝光光照环境下处理,CK为黑暗环境下处理. 下同 Fig. 1 Different light illumination treatment. G, GB, B, RG, RB, R and RGB are respectively green light, green-blue light, blue light, red-green light, red-blue light, red light, red-green-blue light; CK is treatment under the dark environment. The same below. |
图2 不同光质光照对香菇子实体蕾数和产量的影响A:不同光质光照下子实体个数;B:不同光质光照下单棒产量;每组处理数据小写字母完全不同的,表示两组数据差异显著(P<0.05);有任何相同小写字母表示两组数据差异不显著. 下同 Fig. 2 Effects of different light illumination on the number of fruiting bodies and yield of Lentinula edodes. A: Number of fruiting bodies per cultivated log under different light illumination; B: Yield of per cultivated log under different light illumination; Lowercase letters showing completely different indicate that two sets of data are significantly different (P<0.05); any same lowercase letter indicates that two sets of data are not significantly different. The same below. |
图3 不同光质光照处理条件下香菇子实体颜色比较A:不同光质光照下子实体颜色;B:不同光质光照下菌盖颜色 Fig. 3 Comparison of the coloration of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes under different light illumination. A: Coloration of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes under different light illumination; B: Coloration of pileus of Lentinula edodes under different light illumination. |
图4 不同光质光照对香菇子实体颜色的影响A-D:不同光质光照下香菇菌盖明亮度(A)、红绿值(B)、黄蓝值(C)和色彩饱和度(D);E-H:不同光质光照下香菇菌柄明亮度(E)、红绿值(F)、黄蓝值(G)和色彩饱和度(H) Fig. 4 Effects of different light illumination on the coloration of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes. A-D: Pileus luminance (A), red-green values (B), yellow-blue values (C) and color saturation (D) under different light illumination; E-H: Stipe luminance (E), red-green values (F), yellow-blue values (G) and color saturation (H) under different light illumination. |
图5 不同光质光照处理条件下香菇子实体形态比较A:不同光质光照下香菇子实体形态;B:不同光质光照下香菇菌盖形态 Fig. 5 Comparison of fruiting body morphology of Lentinula edodes under different light illumination. A: Fruiting body morphology of L. edodes under different light illumination; B: Pileus morphology of L. edodes under different light illumination. |
图6 不同光质光照对香菇子实体农艺性状的影响A:不同光质光照下单菇重量;B:不同光质光照下菌盖重量;C:不同光质光照下菌柄重量;D:不同光质光照下菌盖直径;E:不同光质光照下菌盖厚度;F:不同光质光照下菌柄长度;G:不同光质光照下菌柄直径;H:不同光质光照下菌盖直径与菌柄长度的比值;I:不同光质光照下菌盖直径与菌柄直径的比值 Fig. 6 Effects of different light illumination on agronomic characters of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies. A: Single fruiting body weight under different light illumination; B: Pileus weight under different light illumination; C: Stipe weight under different light illumination; D: Pileus diameter under different light illumination; E: Pileus thickness under different light illumination; F: Stipe length under different light illumination; G: Stipe diameter under different light illumination; H: Ratio of pileus diameter to stipe length under different light illumination; I: Ratio of pileus diameter to stipe diameter under different light illumination. |
图7 不同光质光照对香菇子实体品质的影响A:不同光质光照下子实体硬度;B:不同光质光照下子实体粘附度;C:不同光质光照下子实体弹性;D:不同光质光照下子实体咀嚼性;E:不同光质光照下子实体胶着性;F:不同光质光照下子实体粘聚性 Fig. 7 Effects of different illumination light on the texture of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes. A: Hardness of fruiting body under different light illumination; B: Adhesiveness of fruiting body under different light illumination; C: Springiness of fruiting body under different light illumination; D: Chewiness of fruiting body under different light illumination; E: Gumminess of fruiting body under different light illumination; F: Cohesiveness of fruiting body under different light illumination. |
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