追施氮肥对苏丹草碳氮代谢及种子产量的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.01.028

草地学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 180-186.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.01.028

追施氮肥对苏丹草碳氮代谢及种子产量的影响

庞立东^1,2, 李卫军¹, 朱进忠¹

1. 新疆农业大学, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 中国农科院草原研究所, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010019

收稿日期:2014-04-10 修回日期:2014-07-10 出版日期:2015-02-15 发布日期:2015-01-31
通讯作者: 朱进忠
作者简介:庞立东(1977-),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事草地生态及牧草栽培方面研究,E-mail:pang_stjcs@163.com
基金资助:
国家牧草产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-35-10)资助

Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and the Seed Yield of Sudangrass under Different Topdressing Nitrogen Fertilizers

PANG Li-dong^1,2, LI Wei-jun¹, ZHU Jin-zhong¹

1. Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China;
2. Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China

Received:2014-04-10 Revised:2014-07-10 Online:2015-02-15 Published:2015-01-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以新苏2号苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense ‘Xinsu No.2')为材料,采用单因素完全随机区组设计,在拔节、孕穗和灌浆期以固定比例追施尿素(0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750 kg·hm^-2),揭示不同氮(N)处理苏丹草碳氮代谢及种子产量性状变化规律.结果表明:追施氮肥有效提高了碳氮代谢水平,随氮肥追施量增加,苏丹草叶片与茎秆中碳氮含量显著增高,施氮量大于600 kg·hm^-2后,总糖和全氮含量均不同程度下降.整个生长期随施氮量增加,苏丹草茎叶碳氮比(C/N)呈逐渐减小趋势,且不追肥、施氮肥150 kg·hm^-2与其它处理间存在显著差异(P < 0.05).氮肥可有效增加种子千粒重、穗粒数,从而使苏丹草种子产量明显增加.然而,随施氮量增加产量增加幅度明显减小,施氮150与300 kg·hm^-2产量增幅分别达23.7%和32.2%,而施氮750 kg·hm^-2产量增幅仅为3.9%,追施氮肥600 kg·hm^-2可获最大种子产量3815 kg·hm^-2.综合碳氮积累、C/N及种子产量表现,试验条件下以追施氮肥600 kg·hm^-2为最佳.

关键词: 苏丹草, 种子产量, 追施氮肥, 碳氮代谢

Abstract:

The effects of carbon and nitrogen metabolism on the seed yield of Sudangrass under different nitrogen application rates(0, 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 kg·hm^-2) were studied using Sorghum sudanense ‘Xinsu No.2'.The results showed that the total sugar and total nitrogen contents of Sudangrass leaf and stem increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen topdressing. Nitrogen fertilizer could improve the metabolism levels of carbon and nitrogen. However, the metabolism levels of carbon and nitrogen decreased as nitrogen levels were beyond 600 kg·hm^-2. The carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios of Sudangrass stem and leaf showed the trend of decreases with the increases of nitrogen application amounts in the whole period. There were significant differences between control (no fertilizer), low nitrogen(150 kg·hm^-2) and other nitrogen treatments. Nitrogen fertilizer could effectively improve 1000-grain weight, grains per spike, and also increase Sudangrass seed yield significantly. However, the growth rate of seed yield decreased significantly with the amount of fertilizer increasing. The best strategy of application was 600 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen fertilizer, and Sudangrass had the maximum (3815 kg·hm^-2) yield at this level.

Key words: Sudangrass, Seed yield, Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, Carbon and nitrogen metabolism

中图分类号:

庞立东, 李卫军, 朱进忠. 追施氮肥对苏丹草碳氮代谢及种子产量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2015, 23(1): 180-186.

PANG Li-dong, LI Wei-jun, ZHU Jin-zhong. Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and the Seed Yield of Sudangrass under Different Topdressing Nitrogen Fertilizers[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2015, 23(1): 180-186.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.01.028

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/Y2015/V23/I1/180

参考文献

[1] Field C J, Mooney H A. The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants [M]. In: Givinish T J, ed. On the Economy of Plant Form and Function. New York: Cambridge University Press,1986:25-55
[2] Lambers H, Chapin F S III, Pons T L. Plant Physiological Ecology [M]. New York: Springer-Verlag,1998:240
[3] Martins-Loução MA, Lips SH, Ulrich W. Nitrogen in a Sustainable Ecosystem: From the Cell to the Plant [M]. Leiden, BaCKhuys Publishers,2000:3-6
[4] 姚爱兴,邵生荣,刘彩霞. 不同施氮水平与播种量对宁农苏丹草生长特性及产草量的影响[J]. 中国草地,1997(5):29-32
[5] Tilman D, Fargione J, Wolff B, et al. Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change [J]. Science,2001,292(5515):281-284
[6] Chen X P, Cui Z L, Vitousek P M, et al. Integrated soil-crop system management for food security [J]. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences,2011,108(16):6399-6404
[7] Liu J G, You L Z, Amini M, et al.A high-resolution assessment on global nitrogen flows in cropland [J]. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences,2010,107(17):8035-8040
[8] Vitousek P M, Naylor R, Crews T, et al. Nutrient imbalances in agricultural development [J]. Science,2009,324(5934):1519-1920
[9] Kiesselbach T A,Russel J C, Anderson. The significance of subsoil moisture in alfalfa production [J]. American Society of Agronomy,1929,21(3):241-268
[10] 闫湘,金继运,何萍,等. 提高肥料利用率技术研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学,2008,41(2):450-459
[11] 王旭,李贞宇,马文奇,等. 中国主要生态区小麦施肥增产效应分析[J]. 中国农业科学,2010,43(12):2469-2476
[12] Gindel I. Dynamic modification in alfalfa leaves growing in subtropical conditions [J]. Physiological Plant,1968,21(6):1287-1295
[13] TSAI C L, DWEIKAT I, TSAI C Y. Effects of surce supply and sink demand on the carbon and nitrogen ratio in maize kernels [J]. Maydica,1990,35(4):391-397
[14] 钦绳武,刘芷宇. 不同形态肥料在根际的迁移规律[J]. 土壤学报,1989,26(2):115-123
[15] 何文寿,李生秀,李辉桃. 水稻对铵态氮和硝态氮吸收特性的研究[J]. 中国水稻科学,1998,12(4):249-252
[16] 易津,林小虎,董志魁,等. 国内外苏丹草研究进展[J]. 内蒙古草业,1999(5):1-6
[17] 张含彬. 氮肥运筹对套作大豆生长发育影响的研究[D]. 成都:四川农业大学,2007:6
[18] 胡昌浩,潘子龙. 夏玉米同化产物积累与养分吸收分配规律的研究,干物质与可溶性糖、氮基酸的变化规律[J]. 中国农业科学,1982(1):56-64
[19] 夏淑芳,于新建,张振清. 叶片光合产物输出的抑制与淀粉和蔗糖的积累[J]. 植物生理学报,1981,7(2),135-142
[20] 李建龙. 信息农业生态学[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2004:306-307
[21] 阮新民,施伏芝,罗志祥. 施氮对高产杂交水稻生育后期叶碳氮比与氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2011(2):43-47
[22] 于振文,潘庆民,姜东,等. 9000 kg·ha^-1小麦施氮量与生理特性分析[J]. 作物学报,2003,29(1):37-42
[23] OSAKI M, MAKOTO L, TOSHIAKI T. Ontogenetic changes in the contents of Ribulose-1, 5-Bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and chlorophyⅡin individual leaves of maize [J]. Soil Science & Plant Nutrition,1995,41(2):285-293
[24] 何萍,金继运,林葆. 氮肥用量对春玉米叶片衰老的影响及其机理研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1998,31(3):66-77

追施氮肥对苏丹草碳氮代谢及种子产量的影响

Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and the Seed Yield of Sudangrass under Different Topdressing Nitrogen Fertilizers

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈立强, 白小明. 成熟过程中细齿草木樨种子结构及产量和质量的变化[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(3): 465-471.
[2]	贾志锋, 马祥, 琚泽亮, 刘凯强, 赵桂琴. 施氮量和播种量对燕麦光合特性、激素含量及种子产量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(2): 293-302.
[3]	俞鸿千, 欧成明, 王占军, 毛培胜, 李曼莉, 王冲, 马灯. 农艺措施对紫花苜蓿种子产量组分的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(12): 2853-2861.
[4]	唐凤, 张树振, 罗金, 李瑶, 宋家兴, 灭如叶提·乌艾, 张博. 不同功能叶对老芒麦种子产量构成因子及种子质量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(3): 661-666.
[5]	郑敏娜, 梁秀芝, 韩志顺, 康佳惠, 陈燕妮. 不同磷素水平对紫花苜蓿磷累积动态和种子产量构成因子的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(1): 80-87.
[6]	唐俊伟, 乔安海, 马力, 贾顺斌, 王晓彤. 播种技术对大颖草产量及农艺性状的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(5): 1425-1430.
[7]	马银山, 朱勇, 李光文, 江鹏, 车巨铸, 马婷婷, 张强. 施肥和刈割对苏丹草补偿生长的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(2): 377-382.
[8]	刘春增, 李本银, 张梦, 吕玉虎, 潘滋亮, 郭晓彦, 曹卫东. 紫云英荚果成熟度对落荚及种子产量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(2): 413-420.
[9]	赵方媛, 曲广鹏, 田新会, 杜文华. 饲料型小黑麦品系籽粒产量及其营养价值研究[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(6): 1374-1381.
[10]	陶奇波, 白梦杰, 孙秋瑾, 韩云华, 王彦荣. 无芒隐子草种子发育过程中不同位置叶片的光合速率及重量与种子产量的相关性[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(3): 516-522,528.
[11]	雷雄, 闫利军, 吴婍, 白史且, 游明鸿, 季晓菲. 多效唑(PP333)对阿坝垂穗披碱草种子产量与质量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(3): 633-638.
[12]	郭兴燕, 田忠, 梁丹妮, 伏兵哲, 兰剑. 11个燕麦品种种子产量与主要农艺性状的通径分析[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(1): 142-147.
[13]	袁柱, 孙彦, 任逸, 冯子蓉. 叶面喷施芸苔素内酯对紫花苜蓿生长发育和种子产量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2016, 24(4): 879-885.
[14]	伊斯拉依·达吾提, 安沙舟, 艾尼瓦尔·艾山, 阿卜杜瓦伊提·萨迪克, 热孜亚·木太里甫. 不同干燥方式对不同茬次苏丹草干草品质影响的研究[J]. 草地学报, 2016, 24(3): 663-668.
[15]	庞立东, 李卫军, 朱进忠. 追施氮肥对苏丹草农艺性状、种子产量及氮肥利用效率的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2016, 24(3): 682-688.