草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (5): 1050-1054.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.05.018

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同密度枣园植草草地生产性能对刈牧的响应

朱慧森1, 杨富裕2, 刘忠宽3, 庞帝琼4, 孟林5, 杨凯6, 高文俊1, 许庆方1   

  1. 1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 山西 太谷 030801;
    2. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
    3. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所, 河北 石家庄 050051;
    4. 北京助尔生物科学研究院, 北京 100085;
    5. 北京市农林科学院北京草业与环境研究发展中心, 北京 100097;
    6. 山西省农科院果树研究所, 山西 太谷 030815
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-20 修回日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-10-15 发布日期:2017-01-13
  • 通讯作者: 刘忠宽, 许庆方
  • 作者简介:朱慧森(1977-),女,山西晋中人,博士,副教授,研究方向为饲草学,E-mail:zhuhuisen@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    “十二五”国家科技支撑计划（2011BAD17B02）；国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-35）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201303061）资助

Responses of the Productive Performance of Grassland in Jujube Orchard at Different Plant Densities to Defoliation

ZHU Hui-sen1, YANG Fu-yu2, LIU Zhong-kuan3, PANG Di-qiong4, MENG Lin5, YANG Kai6, GAO Wen-jun1, XU Qing-fang1   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050051, China;
    4. Beijing Sure Academy of Biosciences, Beijing 10085, China;
    5. Beijing Research and Development Center for Grasses and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China;
    6. Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030815, China
  • Received:2015-04-20 Revised:2016-03-25 Online:2016-10-15 Published:2017-01-13

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摘要：

为了探讨混播饲草在不同密度枣园内对刈牧处理的响应，分别于4 m×3 m，4 m×5 m，4 m×7 m枣园内带状混播种植多变小冠花、白三叶、百脉根，2013和2014年度，平均每隔20 d进行刈牧，测定其地上生物量，并且取草样测定CP，NDF和ADF含量，2014年度最后1次刈牧时，在刈牧区和未刈牧区每隔20 cm分层测定地下生物量。结果表明，在枣园密度为4 m×5 m时，饲草地上生物量在2013年和2014年分别达到2169和2008 kg·hm-2，显著高于低密度枣园（P<0.05），对应CP产量分别达443和402 kg·hm-2。刈牧处理，显著降低了饲草根系生物量（P<0.05），且饲草根系消减系数降低，根系浅层化。虽然刈牧影响饲草的可持续利用，但降低了饲草根系与枣树根系的竞争。

关键词: 草地, 枣园, 密度, 刈牧, 生产性能

Abstract:

The objective of this study was set to evaluate the response to defoliation of the productive performance of mixed grassland in jujube orchard at different plant densities. The mixed strip cropping of Coronilla varia, Trifolium repens and Lotus corniculatus were conducted in jujube orchard with the densities of 4 m×3 m, 4 m×5 m and 4 m×7 m, respectively. The grasslands were defoliated every 20 days in 2013 and 2014, and the above-ground biomass was measured. Moreover, the content of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were analyzed after defoliation. The below-ground biomass was measured at every 20 cm both in defoliated plot and non-defoliated plot at the last defoliation in 2014. The results demonstrated that the above-ground biomass in 4 m×5 m jujube orchard was significant higher than those with lower density (P<0.05), which reached 2169 kg·hm-2 and 2008 kg·hm-2 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The CP yield in 4 m×5 m jujube orchard reached in 443 kg·hm-2 and 402 kg·hm-2 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Hence, the defoliation significantly decreased both the root biomass (P<0.05) and extinction coefficient, which represented the shallow-distribution of the roots. Although the defoliation had negative effect on the sustainable utilization of grassland in jujube orchard, the defoliation weakened the competition between grass roots and jujube roots.

Key words: Grassland, Jujube orchard, Density, Defoliation, Productivity

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