草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 1400-1409.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.036

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海水、旱地甜高粱与豆科混播及其刈割对草产量的影响

席杏媛, 闫慧颖, 李春喜   

  1. 中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海 西宁 810001
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-26 修回日期:2019-07-25 出版日期:2019-10-15 发布日期:2019-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 李春喜
  • 作者简介:席杏媛(1992-),女,山西运城人,助理工程师,研究方向是作物遗传育种,E-mail:xixy@nwipb.cas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅重大科技专项项目（2015-NK-A3-1-2）；青海省作物分子育种重点实验室资助（2017-ZJ-Y14）共同资助

Effects of Mixed Sowing Types and Cutting Time of Sweet Sorghum and Legumes on Grass Yield on Irrigated and Dry Land in Qinghai Province

XI Xing-yuan, YAN Hui-ying, LI Chun-xi   

  1. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001
  • Received:2019-02-26 Revised:2019-07-25 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-09

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摘要： 为探索青海水、旱地覆膜种植甜高粱（Sorghum dochna）的增产栽培技术，将2个甜高粱品种‘九甜杂3号’和‘吉甜5号’与3个豆科品种‘草原224’，‘西牧333’和‘1741’分别在水地和旱地进行混播、刈割试验。结果表明：不同海拔生态区不同品种各性状差异显著，综合表现为水地优于旱地；在旱地与豆科混播对甜高粱‘九甜杂3号’和‘吉甜5号’的生长具有明显促进作用，‘吉甜5号’不刈割混播的鲜草产量比单播增加0.42%~21.44%，干草产量增加14.63%~32.24%；‘九甜杂3号’不刈割混播比单播干草产量增加16.74%~43.30%。生长中期刈割对‘九甜杂3号’影响显著，其水地和旱地鲜草产量分别增加9.57%和9.91%。‘九甜杂3号’适宜与豆科品种‘草原224’混播，在生长中期刈割1次，两茬鲜草产量高达147.33 t·hm-2和112.40 t·hm-2；‘吉甜5号’适宜与‘西牧333’混播且不刈割，两者鲜草产量达129.55 t·hm-2和104.01 t·hm-2，干草产量达29.57 t·hm-2和22.15 t·hm-2。因此，甜高粱品种与豆科植物的混播及刈割能够增加其草产量，这对生产实践有着一定的指导意义。

关键词: 混播, 刈割, 水地, 旱地, 草产量

Abstract: In order to explore the cultivation techniques for the plastic-film-covered cultivation of sweet sorghum on irrigated and dry land,the mixed sowing and cutting experiment were carried out between two sweet sorghum cultivars (‘jiutianza3’and ‘jitian5’) and three legumes (‘caoyuan224’,‘ximu333’ and ‘1741’) on irrigated and dry land,respectively. The results showed that the traits of different cultivars in different ecological regions were significantly different. The comprehensive performance was that the irrigated land was better than dry land. The mixed sowing on dry land with legume could obviously promote the growth of sweet sorghum (‘Jiutianza3’ was better than ‘Jitian5’). The yield of fresh grass of mixed sowing ‘jitian5’ increased by 0.42%~21.44% without cutting,and its yield of hay increased by 14.63%~32.24%;The yield of hay grass of mixed sowing ‘jiutianza3’ increased by 16.74%~43.30%. The mid-growth cutting had a significant effect on ‘Jiutianza3’,whose fresh yield grass on irrigated and dry land increased by 9.57% and 9.91%,respectively. ‘Jiutianza3’ was suitable for mixed sowing with ‘caoyuan224’;The yield of fresh grass of ‘jiutianza3’ and ‘caoyuan224’ was as high as 147.33 t·hm-2 and 112.40 t·hm-2 when cutting in the middle growth stage;‘Jitian5’ was suitable for mixing with ‘Ximu333’ with no cutting;The fresh grass yield reached 29.59 t·hm-2 and 104.01 t·hm-2,respectively,and the yield of hay reached 29.57 t·hm-2 and 22.15 t·hm-2,respectively. These results indicate that the mixing and cutting of sweet sorghum and legumes can increase their grass yield. This experiment will play an important role in guiding production practice.

Key words: Mixed sowing, Cutting, Irrigated land, Dry land, The yield of grass

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