高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草地碳循环的影响研究进展

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.05.008

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 1086-1094.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.05.008

高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草地碳循环的影响研究进展

邵梓桐¹, 秦彧²

1. 西北农林科技大学, 草业与草原学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2021-10-08 修回日期:2021-12-02 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-06-06
通讯作者: 秦彧,E-mail:qiny@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:邵梓桐(2001-),女,汉族,甘肃天水人,在读本科生,主要从事草地生态研究,E-mail:Stacie18298624568@nwafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42071139);甘肃省杰出青年基金(21 JR7RA066);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLCS-ZZ-20221)资助

Advance in Studying the Influence of Plateau Pikas Disturbance on Carbon Cycle of Alpine Grasslands

SHAO Zi-tong¹, QIN Yu²

1. College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China

Received:2021-10-08 Revised:2021-12-02 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)是青藏高原的关键种，其干扰导致高寒草地下垫面形成植被和裸地斑块镶嵌共存的景观格局，加剧了植被生产力和土壤有机碳的空间异质性分布，改变了生态系统碳交换过程。为了增进对高原鼠兔干扰在高寒草地碳循环中作用的认识，本文综述了高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草地生态系统有机碳储量和碳交换的作用过程和影响机制。总结出采食、堆土和挖掘是高原鼠兔直接影响高寒草地的主要方式，同时堆土和挖掘也是高寒草地秃斑化的潜在诱因，秃斑侵蚀、扩张以及本身的热岛效应也会对高寒草地生态系统功能产生影响。尽管高原鼠兔挖掘活动促进了土壤养分循环有利于生态系统有机碳的累积，但是堆土以及与高原鼠兔干扰相关联的秃斑化也会引起潜在的有机碳流失。高原鼠兔挖掘洞穴打破了生态系统原有的碳交换平衡，加速了CO₂通过鼠兔洞道扩散排出，而堆土和秃斑化后植被物种组成改变，地上、地下生物量分配格局的变化以及土壤暖干化是生态系统碳交换发生改变的主要原因。基于现有研究进展，未来的研究需要重点关注大尺度高原鼠兔干扰对生态系统有机碳储量的量化评估，以及耦合生态系统碳储量和碳收支的综合研究。

关键词: 青藏高原, 高原鼠兔干扰, 高寒草地, 碳循环

Abstract: Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae,hereafter pikas) has been considered as a keystone species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Pikas' activities create the landscape pattern with different patches mosaic. As a consequent,the change of underlying surface intensifies the spatial heterogeneous of organic carbon and vegetation productivity and eventually alters ecosystem carbon exchange process. However,our knowledge about the quantitative effects of pikas' disturbance on carbon cycle and the potential influencing mechanism is still insufficient,which hinders the accurate estimation of the carbon budget. We therefore reviewed the influence of pikas' disturbance on ecosystem carbon storage and carbon exchange. As an allogenic engineer,pikas directly affected ecosystem structure and function of alpine grasslands by the ways of clipping,foraging and burrowing. Additionally,pikas caused patchiness by creating bare piles and digging tunnels,which exerted indirectly impact on ecosystem function due to the erosion,expansion and heat island effect of bare patches. There was debate over the burrowing effect of pikas on soil organic carbon. On one hand,it reported that pikas burrowing was conducive to the accumulation of organic carbon by enhancing the nutrition cycle. On the other hand,the erosion of bare piles and patchiness potentially led to organic carbon loss. Pikas burrowing broke the original carbon exchange balance between ecosystem and atmosphere,which caused CO₂ dissipated into pikas tunnels and sharply released from pikas holes. Notably,pikas' disturbance and patchiness altered ecosystem respiration process by impacting vegetation species composition,vegetation biomass redistribution and soil drought. Although great progresses in the effect of pikas' disturbance on carbon cycle have been made,future attention should be paid to (1) quantitatively assessing the effects of pikas' disturbance on ecosystem organic carbon storage at large scale;and (2) carrying out the comprehensive study on coupling ecosystem organic carbon storage and carbon budget.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Plateau pikas disturbance, Alpine grasslands, Carbon cycle

中图分类号:

S812.6

邵梓桐, 秦彧. 高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草地碳循环的影响研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(5): 1086-1094.

SHAO Zi-tong, QIN Yu. Advance in Studying the Influence of Plateau Pikas Disturbance on Carbon Cycle of Alpine Grasslands[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(5): 1086-1094.

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高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草地碳循环的影响研究进展

Advance in Studying the Influence of Plateau Pikas Disturbance on Carbon Cycle of Alpine Grasslands

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