草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 2460-2468.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.09.027

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

芽菜收获对松嫩盐碱化紫花苜蓿草地综合收益的影响

范燕闯1, 王俊锋2, 高嵩1, 李志坚2   

  1. 1. 长春大学园林学院, 吉林 长春 130022;
    2. 东北师范大学生命科学学院草地科学研究所/植被生态科学教育部重点实验室/吉林松嫩草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 吉林 长春 130024
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-06 修回日期:2022-05-12 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 高嵩,E-mail:gaosong@ccu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:范燕闯(1996-),男,汉族,吉林吉林人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生态学研究,E-mail:2211374491@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省自然科学基金项目（20200201201JC）

Effects of Sprouts Harvesting on Total Income of Alfalfa Grassland in Songnen Alkaline-salined Region

FAN Yan-chuang1, WANG Jun-feng2, GAO Song1, LI Zhi-jian2   

  1. 1. College of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130024, China
  • Received:2022-04-06 Revised:2022-05-12 Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-09-30

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摘要： 紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）芽菜作为优质食材，适当比例收获对草地总体收益有重要影响。本研究采用全因子随机区组设计，设置苜蓿芽菜收获时期（早、中和晚）以及收获比例（0，10%，30%和50%）2个因素，探究了松嫩盐碱化较重区域返青期不同阶段收获芽菜对草地生产性能和总收益的影响。结果表明：返青晚期收获时芽菜和苜蓿干草的产量均最高。干草粗蛋白含量和相对饲用价值在早期收获芽菜后最高。返青早期芽菜极小，收获成本高，而晚期收获时芽菜的可食用性大幅降低，综合分析收获芽菜与苜蓿干草的总收益，发现返青中期收获30%芽菜时最高。此时，分枝数和株高的补偿性增加，干草总产量分别比10%与50%时高98.67%和41.44%，总产量达5 082 kg·hm-2。因此，在松嫩盐碱化程度较重的草地中，返青中期收获30%芽菜，既能收获较多的优质芽菜，又能获得较高的干草产量，最终可提升草地综合收益。

关键词: 苜蓿芽菜, 分枝数, 干草产量, 干草品质, 收益

Abstract: Alfalfa sprouts can be used as high-quality food, and proper harvesting has an important influence on the overall income of alfalfa grassland. In the study, a full-factoral random block design was used, and two factors of alfalfa sprouts harvesting period (early, middle and late stages) and harvest ratio (0, 10%, 30% and 50%) were set to explore the effects of harvesting alfalfa sprouts at different re-growth periods on alfalfa productivity and total income of grassland in Songnen medium-heavy alkaline-salined region. The results showed that:the yield of sprouts and alfalfa hay was the highest when harvesting in late stage of re-growth. The crude protein content and relative feed value of hay were the highest when harvested alfalfa sprouts in early stage of re-growth. Sprouts in the early stage of re-growth were extremely small, the harvest cost was high, and the edibility of sprouts harvested in late stage was substantially reduced. In overall consideration the total income of harvested sprouts and alfalfa hay, it was found that the total income was highest when harvested 30% sprouts in the middle stage of re-growth. At this time, due to the compensatory increase of root germination branches and plant height, the total hay yield increased by 98.67% and 41.44% compared to harvesting 10% and 50% respectively, total yield of hay reached to 5 082 kg·hm-2. Therefore, in the grassland with a heavy degree of alkaline-salined in Songnen, harvesting 30% sprouts in middle stage of re-growth could not only more high-quality sprouts were harvested, but also obtained higher hay yield, and finally could improve the total income of alfalfa grassland.

Key words: Alfalfa sprouts, Germination branches, Hay yield, Hay quality, Income

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