草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 748-756.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.03.030

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

西北荒漠灌区覆膜对紫花苜蓿农艺性状和营养价值的影响

李玉珠1, 吴芳1, 张贞明2, 师尚礼1, 白小明1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃省草原技术推广总站, 甘肃 兰州 730010
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-13 修回日期:2018-07-05 出版日期:2018-06-15 发布日期:2018-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 师尚礼
  • 作者简介:李玉珠(1979-),女,陕西宁强人,副教授,博士,主要从事牧草种质资源与育种研究,E-mail:Liya@gasu.end.cn
  • 基金资助:

    西北荒漠灌区苜蓿出苗保苗技术研究（201403048-8）；省农牧厅苜蓿种植技术研究，国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-34）；苜蓿产业化新技术研究与集成示范推广项目资助

Effects of Film Mulching on Agronomic Characters and Nutritional Value of Alfalfa in Northwest Desert Irrigation Region

LI Yu-zhu1, WU Fang1, ZHANG Zhen-ming2, SHI Shang-li1, BAI Xiao-ming1   

  1. 1. Prataculture College, Gansu Agricultural University;Key laboratory of Grassland, Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Sino-U. S. Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Gansu Grassland Tehnology Promotion Genral ststion, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730010, China
  • Received:2017-10-13 Revised:2018-07-05 Online:2018-06-15 Published:2018-08-24

PDF

摘要：

早春低温及干旱是限制西北荒漠灌区苜蓿高产的主要因子。覆膜种植技术可改善土壤的生态环境及作物生长状况，已成为西北干旱半干旱地区提高作物产量和品质的重要措施。本试验以覆膜（FM）为处理，不覆膜（CK）为对照，研究FM对2龄、3龄及4龄‘三得利’紫花苜蓿（Madicago sativa L.‘Sanditi’）每茬初花期农艺性状及营养价值的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，FM提高了2龄苜蓿第1、2和第4茬草的株高（P<0.05），第2茬草的干草产量（P<0.05，340.19 kg·亩-1）和第3茬的干鲜比（P<0.05）；提高了3龄苜蓿第2、3茬草的株高（P<0.05）和干草产量（P<0.05，257.18 kg·亩-1，250.68 kg·亩-1）；提高了4龄苜蓿第2茬草的株高及鲜干比（P<0.05）。同时，在一定程度上FM显著增加了不同年份不同茬次苜蓿的Ca含量和P含量（P<0.05）。总体而言，FM使苜蓿年总产量比CK分别提高11.81%，17.48%及0.43%，分别达到1 053.06 kg·亩-1，946.97 kg·亩-1，1 045.50 kg·亩-1。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 覆膜, 株高, 干草产量, 中洗纤维, 酸洗纤维

Abstract:

Low temperature in early spring and drought are the main factors limiting the high yield of alfalfa in the northwest desert irrigation area. The planting technology of film mulching can improve the soil ecological environment and crop growth status, and it has become an important measure to promote crop yield and quality in arid and semiarid areas of northwest China. In this paper, film mulching(FM) as treatment, without film mulching as control(CK), the effects of FM on agronomic characteristics and nutritional value of alfalfa were studied at initial flowering stage of two-year, three-year and four-year alfalfa. The results showed that compared with CK treatment, FM significantly increased plant height of the first cutting, the second cutting, the fourth cutting of two-year alfalfa, and improved dry yield of the second cutting (340.19 kg·亩-1)and dry-fresh ratio of the third cutting of two-year alfalfa. The plant height and dry yield(257.18 kg·亩-1,250.68 kg·亩-1) of the second cutting and the third cutting of three-year alfalfa in FM treatment were significantly increased. FM significantly enhanced plant height and dry-fresh ratio of the second cutting and dry-fresh ratio of four-year alfalfa. Meanwhile, FM significantly decreased neutral detergent fibre content and acid detergent fibre content of fourth-year alfalfa, respectively, compared with that in CK. The ether extract content of each cutting of fourth-year alfalfa in FM were significantly improved. To a certain but statistically in significant degree, FM significantly increased calcium and phosphorus content in different years and in different cuttings of alfalfa. As a whole, the total dry yield(1053.06 kg·亩-1,946.97 kg·亩-1,1045.50 kg·亩-1)of alfalfa in different years in FM treatment were increased, and were 11.81%,17.48%,0.43% higher than those in CK.

Key words: Alfalfa, Film mulching, Plant height, Dry yield, Neutral detergent fibre, Acid detergent fibre

中图分类号: