草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 21-27.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.01.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

指针式喷灌下减氮对饲用燕麦产量和氮素吸收的影响

梁品航1, 范立钊1, 张运龙1, 刘泽宇2, 王显国1, 徐明亮2, 卡地尔·亚库甫1   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 内蒙古民族大学草业学院, 内蒙古 通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-07 修回日期:2024-08-05 发布日期:2025-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 张运龙,E-mail：yunlongzhang@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梁品航（2000-）,男,汉族,广东佛山人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生产与利用研究,E-mail：1449439252@qq.com；范立钊（2000-）,男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生产与利用方面研究,E-mail：fanlizhao2001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助（2022YFF1303403）；国家牧草产业技术体系项目（CARS-34）资助

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates through Pointer Sprinkler on Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Oats

LIANG Pin-hang1, FAN Li-zhao1, ZHANG Yun-long1, LIU Ze-yu2, WANG Xian-guo1, XU Ming-liang2, YAKUFU Kadier1   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Grassland Science, University of The Inner Mongol, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
  • Received:2024-04-07 Revised:2024-08-05 Published:2025-01-22

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摘要： 为探究指针式喷灌下减氮对科尔沁沙地饲用燕麦（Avena sativa）产量和氮素吸收的影响,本试验以‘领袖2号’燕麦为供试材料,设置60% N（216 kg·ha-1）、80% N（288 kg·ha-1）、100% N（360 kg·ha-1）共3个氮素水平,测定株高、地上生物量、地上氮素含量和土壤无机氮,计算氮素吸收量和氮盈余,研究不同施氮量对饲用燕麦产量和氮素吸收的影响。结果表明：在燕麦拔节期,60%N燕麦株高最低（P<0.05）；在燕麦抽穗期、灌浆期与成熟期,随氮肥施用量的增加株高呈降低趋势。80%N和100%N的燕麦干草产量均显著高于60%N处理（P<0.05）,且80%N和100%N间差异不显著,说明减氮20%可稳定燕麦干草产量。在0~20 cm和60~80 cm土层,100%N土壤无机氮含量显著高于60%N（P<0.05）；100%N处理氮盈余量显著高于80%N和60%N。因此,科尔沁沙地饲用燕麦最佳施氮量为288 kg·ha-1（80%N）。该研究可为燕麦生物量提升及氮素营养高效利用提供参考。

关键词: 燕麦, 指针式喷灌, 产量, 氮素吸收

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of nitrogen reduction under pointer sprinkler on yield and nitrogen absorption of oats （Avena sativa） in Horqin Sandy Land, ‘Leader 2’oats was taken as test material, and three nitrogen application gradients were set including 60% N （216 kg·ha-1）, 80%N（288 kg·ha-1）, and 100% N（360 kg·ha-1）. The plant height, aboveground biomass, nitrogen content, and soil inorganic nitrogen during the whole growth period of oats were measured, and nitrogen absorption and surplus were calculated. We aimed to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield and nitrogen uptake of Oats. The results showed that at the jointing stage of oats, 60% N showed the minimum plant height （P<0.05）； at the heading, filling, and maturity stages of oats, plant height showed a decreasing trend with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer amount. The dry grass yield of feed oats under 80% N and 100% N was significantly higher than that under 60%（P<0.05）, no change between 80% N and 100% N, indicating that reducing nitrogen by 20% could stabilize oats yield. At 0~20 cm and 60~80 cm, soil inorganic nitrogen content was higher at 100% N than 60% N （P<0.05）； the nitrogen surplus of 100% N was significantly higher than that of 80% N and 60% N. In conclusion, in Horqin Sandy Land, 288 kg·hm-2 （80% N, 20% nitrogen reduction） is the best nitrogen application rate for oat production. This study provided reference for improving oat yield and efficient utilization of nitrogen nutrition.

Key words: Oats, Pointer Sprinkler, Yield, Nutrient Absorption

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