草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 817-828.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

香辣蓼叶绿体基因组密码子偏好性分析

宋志姣1, 李娥1, 杨萍1, 李贵祥2, 陈文华1   

  1. 1. 保山学院资源环境学院, 云南 保山 678000;
    2. 云南省林业和草原科学院, 云南 昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-13 修回日期:2025-07-11 发布日期:2026-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 李贵祥,E-mail:568384875@qq.com;陈文华,E-mail:ynchwh@qq.com
  • 作者简介:宋志姣(1988-),女,回族,云南保山人,博士,主要从事植物种质资源开发与利用研究,E-mail:janeolo@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    高黎贡山生态功能提升及可持续发展技术研究与示范(202303AC10001201);怒江下游山地农业生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站(202305AM340031);“兴保英才培养计划”青年人才专项(2023QNRC001);云南省科技特派员项目资助

Codon Usage Bias Analysis of the Chloroplast Genome of Persicaria odorata

SONG Zhi-jiao1, LI E1, YANG Ping1, LI Gui-xiang2, CHEN Wen-hua1   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Baoshan University, Baoshan, Yunnan Province 678000, China;
    2. Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650201, China
  • Received:2025-05-13 Revised:2025-07-11 Published:2026-03-23

摘要: 为解析香辣蓼(Persicaria odorata Lour.)叶绿体基因组密码子使用偏好性,本研究采用下一代测序技术对其叶绿体基因组测序。通过对原始数据过滤、组装、注释并构建物理图谱,系统分析52条蛋白质编码序列的密码子使用特征。结果表明:香辣蓼叶绿体基因组全长159 897 bp,呈典型的四分体结构,包含大单拷贝区(Large single-copy region,LSC)、小单拷贝区(Small single-copy region,SSC)以及两个反向重复区(Inverted repeat,IR)。该叶绿体基因组总GC含量为38.88%,其中GC1>GC2>GC3,偏好以A/U结尾。有效密码子数、密码子适应指数、密码子偏好指数、最优密码子使用频率的范围分别为36.29~54.14,0.10~0.30,-0.26~0.19和0.26~0.53,表明整体密码子使用偏好性较弱。中性绘图、ENC-plot和PR2-plot分析显示密码子使用偏好受突变和选择压力共同影响,且选择压力占主导,最终筛选出最优密码子10个。本研究为深入解析香辣蓼叶绿体基因功能、探讨其进化机制及指导分子育种提供了理论依据与标记资源。

关键词: 香辣蓼, 叶绿体基因组, 密码子偏好性, 最优密码子

Abstract: To investigate codon usage bias of Persicaria odorata, we sequenced the chloroplast genome of P. odorata using the Next-Generation Sequencing. The raw sequencing data were quality control filtered, assembled, annotated and constructed a physical map. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed the codon usage bias of 52 protein-coding sequences. Our comprehensive analysis shows that the chloroplast genome was 159 897 bp in length, with a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a large single-copy region (LSC), a small single-copy region (SSC), and two inverted repeat regions (IR). The overall GC content of codons in the P. odorata chloroplast genome was 38.88%, with GC1>GC2>GC3, showing a preference for codons ending with A/U. The effective number of codons (ENC), the codon adaptation index (CAI), the codon bias index (CBI) and the frequency of optimal codons (Fop) ranged from 36.29 to 54.14, 0.10 to 0.30, -0.26 to 0.19, and 0.26 to 0.53, respectively. These analysis collectively indicated weak codon usage bias in the chloroplast genome of P. odorata. Neutrality plot analysis, ENC-plot analysis, and PR2-plot analysis revealed that codon usage bias in the P. odorata chloroplast genome resulted from both mutation pressure and selection pressure and was primarily determined by the selection pressure. A total of 10 optimal codons were identified. Our study established a fundamental framework for functional genomics and molecular breeding of P. odorata by providing:(i) theoretical foundations and molecular marker resources for further functional analysis of chloroplast genes, (ii) evolutionary studies, and (iii) molecular breeding within Polygonaceae.

Key words: Persicaria odorata, Chloroplast genome, Codon usage bias, Optimal codon

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