草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 1701-1716.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.05.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同燕麦品种苗期形态、生理对低磷胁迫的响应及耐低磷评价

廖万奇1, 汪辉1,2, 王沛1,2, 陈有军1,2, 周青平1,2, 雷映霞1,2   

  1. 1. 西南民族大学草地资源学院, 四川 成都 610041;
    2. 西南民族大学, 四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统 国家野外科学观测研究站, 四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-04 修回日期:2025-12-05 发布日期:2026-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 雷映霞，E-mail:leiyingxia@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:廖万奇（1998-），男，汉族，四川眉山人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草育种方向研究，E-mail:191864075@qq.com；
  • 基金资助:
    农业科技重大项目（NK20220402）；四川省科技计划面上项目（2024NSFSC0310）；中央高校项目（ZYN2025029）；西藏自治区科技计划项目（XZ202501ZY0086）资助

Low Phosphorus Stress Responses of Seedling Morphology and Physiology to and Evaluation of Low Phosphorus Tolerance of Different Oat Cultivars

LIAO Wan-qi1, WANG Hui1,2, WANG Pei1,2, CHEN You-jun1,2, ZHOU Qing-ping1,2, LEI Ying-xia1,2   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China;
    2. Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
  • Received:2025-09-04 Revised:2025-12-05 Published:2026-05-08

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摘要： 本研究旨在筛选耐低磷燕麦（Avena sativa L.）品种，并探讨其形态生理响应机制。以30个燕麦品种为材料，采用水培法，设置正常磷（1000 μmol·L-1 KH2PO4，CK）和低磷（10 μmol·L-1 KH2PO4，LP）2个处理，21天后测定形态与生理指标，并运用主成分、隶属函数及聚类分析进行综合评价。结果表明：低磷胁迫显著抑制了多数燕麦幼苗地上部生长，但促进了根系发育。生理上，低磷处理导致多数幼苗磷吸收量降低，而磷利用效率显著提高；可溶性糖含量、酸性磷酸酶与硝酸还原酶活性总体上升。通过系统评价，‘魏都莜5号’（D=0.818）和‘晋燕17号’（D=0.643）被评定为最耐低磷型品种，而‘坝莜18号’（D=0.341）与‘骏马’（D=0.366）为最敏感品种。本研究结果为耐低磷燕麦品种选育提供了理论依据与材料基础。

关键词: 燕麦, 低磷胁迫, 形态指标, 生理响应, 耐低磷评价

Abstract: The aim of this study was to screen low phosphorus-tolerant oat （Avena sativa L.） varieties and to investigate their morphophysiological response mechanisms. Thirty oat varieties were used as materials， and two treatments of normal phosphorus （1000 μmol·L-1 KH2PO4， CK） and low phosphorus （10 μmol·L-1 KH2PO4， LP） were set up by hydroponics. Morphological and physiological indexes were measured after 21 days， and principal components， subordinate functions， and cluster analyses were used for the comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that low phosphorus stress significantly inhibited the aboveground growth of most oat seedlings， but promoted root development. Physiologically， low phosphorus treatment led to a decrease in phosphorus uptake and a significant increase in phosphorus utilization efficiency in most seedlings； soluble sugar content， acid phosphatase and nitrate reductase activities generally increased. Through systematic evaluation， ‘Weidu You No.5’ （D=0.818） and ‘Jin Yan No. 17’ （D=0.643） were identified as the most low-phosphorus-tolerant varieties， whereas ‘Ba You No. 18’ （D=0.341） and ‘Jun Ma’ （D=0.366） were the most sensitive ones. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and material foundation for the selection and breeding of low phosphorus tolerant oat varieties.

Key words: Avena sativa, Low phosphorus stress, Morphological index, Physiological response, Low- phosphorus tolerance evaluation

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