草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3496-3504.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.033

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

添加不同比例废弃茶树枝叶对发酵全混合日粮有氧稳定性的影响

刘师昊1, 邓征荣1, 刘政玲2, 孙红1, 郝俊1, 郑玉龙1, 杨富裕1, 杨雪萍2, 谢艺潇1   

  1. 1. 贵州大学动物科学学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025;
    2. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-06 修回日期:2025-07-29 发布日期:2026-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 杨雪萍, E-mail: 1163844299@qq.com;谢艺潇, E-mail: xieyx1994@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘师昊(2000-),男,贵州贵阳人,布依族,硕士研究生,主要从事饲草料加工与贮藏方向研究,E-mail:liu992644489@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州大学自然科学专项（国家级领军人才）科研基金项目（贵大领军合字〔2023〕05）；贵州省基础研究（自然科学）项目（黔科合基础QN〔2025〕076）；贵州省牧草产业技术体系资助

Effects of Adding Different Proportions of Waste tea branches and leaves on Aerobic Stability of Fermented Total Mixed Ration

LIU Shi-hao1, DENG Zheng-rong1, LIU Zheng-ling2, SUN Hong1, HAO Jun1, ZHENG Yu-long1, YANG Fu-yu1, YANG Xue-ping2, XIE Yi-xiao1   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China;
    2. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2025-05-06 Revised:2025-07-29 Published:2026-09-11

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摘要： 本试验旨在探究废弃茶树枝叶替代全株玉米对发酵全混合日粮（Fermented total mixed ration FTMR）有氧稳定性的影响。以全混合日粮为基础，按干物质比例设置0%，10%，20%，30%和40%替代水平，分别记为T0、T10、T20、T30和T40。各处理样品装入真空青贮袋（35 cm×45 cm，每袋约400 g，每处理4个重复）发酵60 d后，于有氧暴露0，1，3，5，8和14 d测定温度、营养成分、发酵品质及微生物数量。结果表明，随着替代比例提高，FTMR粗蛋白含量整体增加，且可减缓有氧暴露过程中粗蛋白的下降。T10和T20处理升温较慢，其与环境温差低于2 ℃的持续时间显著延长（P<0.05），有氧稳定性较好。T10处理在暴露过程中保持较低pH值、较高乳酸含量及较高V-score，发酵品质最佳；T40虽粗蛋白较高，但pH升高快且早期出现霉菌，品质较差。综上，适量添加（10%~20%）废弃茶树枝叶有助于提高FTMR有氧稳定性和发酵品质。

关键词: 废弃茶树枝叶, 发酵全混合日粮, 有氧稳定性

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing whole-plant corn with waste tea branches and leaves on the aerobic stability of fermented total mixed ration （FTMR）. Five treatments were prepared based on dry matter ratios： 0%， 10%， 20%， 30%， and 40% substitution levels （T0， T10， T20， T30， and T40）. The samples were vacuum-packed （35 cm×45 cm， approximately 400 g per bag， four replicates per treatment） and fermented for 60 days. After fermentation， aerobic exposure was conducted for 0， 1， 3， 5， 8， and 14 days to determine temperature， nutrient composition， fermentation quality， and microbial counts. The results showed that crude protein content increased with higher substitution levels， and the decline in crude protein during aerobic exposure was reduced. T10 and T20 exhibited slower temperature rise and maintained a temperature difference below 2 ℃ for a significantly longer duration （P<0.05）， indicating better aerobic stability. T10 maintained lower pH， higher lactic acid content， and higher V-score during aerobic exposure， showing superior fermentation quality. In contrast， T40 had higher crude protein but showed rapid pH increase and early mold growth， indicating poorer quality. In conclusion， moderate inclusion （10%-20%） of waste tea branches and leaves improves both aerobic stability and fermentation quality of FTMR.

Key words: Waste tea branches and leaves, Fermented total mixed ration, Aerobic stability

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