草地学报

›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 729-734.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2011.05.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

侵蚀果园长期植草的生态效益分析

罗旭辉, 詹杰, 王义祥, 黄毅斌, 黄秀声, 王成己, 翁伯琦   

  1. 福建省农科院农业生态研究所福建省山地草业工程技术研究中心, 福建福州350013
  • 收稿日期:2010-06-21 修回日期:2011-06-28 出版日期:2011-10-15 发布日期:2012-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 翁伯琦,E-mail:boqiweng@yahoo.com.cn
  • 作者简介:罗旭辉(1979- ),男,福建顺昌人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事牧草资源利用与水土保持研究,E-mail:luoxuhuifjstny@yahoo.
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑项目(2008BAD95B08);福建省科技计划项目(2010N2003)(2010R1019-6)资助

Soil & Water Conservation Function and Comprehensive Benefits of Intercropping Forage in Eroded Fruit Garden

LUO Xu-hui, ZHAN Jie, WANG Yi-xiang, HUANG Yi-bin, HUANG Xiu-sheng, WANG Cheng-ji, WENG Bo-qi   

  1. Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Hilly Prataculture, Fuzhou, Fujian Provicne 350013, China
  • Received:2010-06-21 Revised:2011-06-28 Online:2011-10-15 Published:2012-07-12

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摘要： 针对山地果园不合理开发引发的土壤侵蚀和土壤退化问题,将适生牧草套种于幼龄侵蚀果园,开展水土流失、土壤肥力及果树生长的定位观测。结果表明:套种平托花生(Arachis pintoi)、圆叶决明(Chamaecrista rotundifolia)1～12年,年地面径流系数0～0.0136,均值为0.007左右,仅为清耕处理的1/10,基本无土壤侵蚀发生;套种11年,套种区0～30 cm土层的土壤pH值比清耕分别提高0.25～0.30个单位,0～15 cm土层土壤有机碳、碱解氮、有效磷质量分数比清耕提高7.595～6.728 g·kg-1,26.84～31.89 mg·kg-1,3.57～4.62 mg·kg-1;轻组有机碳质量分数在0～30 cm土层呈套种平托花生>套种圆叶决明>清耕的变化趋势,重组有机碳质量分数在0～15cm土层亦呈相同变化趋势。套种处理有助改善果肉糖酸比和商品果率,牧草综合利用可明显提升果园建园初期的经济效益,尽管套种处理给果树带来一定的减产。

关键词: 水土保持, 侵蚀果园, 牧草, 套种

Abstract: To solve problems of soil & water loss with soil degradation effects of long-term intercropping forage on erosion fruit garden was observed and studied.Results showed that runoff coefficient of intercropping plots was 0.007 equivalent to 10% that of clean-tillage plots from 1 to 12 years.Soil erosion was not nearly found in intercropping plots.After 11 years intercropping,soil quality was obviously improved.The pH of soil(0~30 cm) in intercropping plots increased 0.25~0.30 unit more than that in clean-tillage plots.The organic carbon content,available N content,available P content of soil(0~15 cm) in intercropping plots increased 7.595~6.728 g·kg-1,26.84~31.89 mg·kg-1,3.57~4.62 mg·kg-1 over that in clean-tillage plots,respectively.The organic carbon contents of both soil light fraction(0~30 cm layer) and soil heavy fraction(0~15 cm layer) in intercropping Arachis pintoi were higher than that in intercropping Chamaecrista rotundifolia,with the lowest in clean-tillage.Intercropping forage in erosion fruit gardens increase commercial fruit rate,fruit tasty value,and benefit forage comprehensive utilization,although it may cause slight yield loss of fruit trees.

Key words: Water and soil conservation, Eroded fruit garden, Forage, Intercrop

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