关键词: 托木尔峰国家级自然保护区, 台兰河上游河谷, 草地土壤, 持水能力, 海拔高度

Abstract:

The spatial variation of soil water conservation capacity of grasslands at different altitude in Tuomuer National Nature Reserve was studied based on field investigation, soil sample collection and experimental analysis. The soil water holding capacity of grassland soil at different altitudes in Tailan River valley of Tuomuer National Nature Reserve was analyzed. The results showed that:The physical properties of grassland soil were different with the increase of altitude, and the average soil moisture content, non capillary porosity, capillary porosity and total porosity showed significant positive correlation with the elevation and it showed a constantly increasing trend with the increase of altitude; The soil bulk density showed a significant negative index correlation (R²=0.881 7) with the elevation, and it decreased with the increase of altitude. The water holding capacity of the soil was different at different altitudes in the study area. The order of maximum water holding capacity, non capillary water storage capacity and capillary water holding capacity was ranked as:Chestnut soil > Mountain brown soil > Brown desert soil. They increased with the increase of altitude;The order of soil conservation precipitation and effective conservation quantity was ranked as:Brown desert soil > Mountain brown soil > Chestnut soil. The altitude and the intensity of grazing and human activities were the important factors that caused the difference of soil water conservation function.

Key words: Tuomuer National Nature Reserve, Upper Tailan River Valley, Grassland soil, Water holding capacity, Altitude