草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 330-336.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.02.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

石羊河中下游不同退耕年限次生草地土壤无机氮、酶及微生物量冬季动态研究

陈龙1, 姚拓1, 柴晓虹1, 王理德1,2,3, 马剑平2,3, 孙广正1, 安雅君1, 李发明2,3   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续 发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃省治沙研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    3. 甘肃河西走廊森林 生态系统国家定位观测研究站/甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地, 甘肃 武威 733000
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-31 修回日期:2015-11-26 出版日期:2016-04-15 发布日期:2016-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 王理德
  • 作者简介:陈龙(1988-),男,山东胶州人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地微生物资源研究,E-mail:361213623@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金-人为干预下石羊河下游地下水动态变化及生态效应研究(31260129);石羊河中下游退耕地土壤系统演变规律及其驱动机制研究(41161049);荒漠区沙生针茅种子萌发机理研究(31160264)资助

Study on the Winter Dynamics of Soil Inorganic Nitrogen, Enzyme Activity and Microbial Biomass of Secondary Grassland in Abandoned Farmland with Different Restoration Years in Shiyang River Area

CHEN Long1, YAO Tuo1, CHAI Xiao-hong1, WANG Li-de1,2,3, MA Jian-ping2,3, SUN Guang-zheng1, AN Ya-jun1, LI Fa-ming2,3   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U. S. Center for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sastainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    3. Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem Research National Station/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733000, China
  • Received:2015-03-31 Revised:2015-11-26 Online:2016-04-15 Published:2016-06-06

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摘要：

为研究石羊河中下游退耕区次生草地冬季土壤肥力状况和微生物机制,测定并分析了石羊河中下游不同退耕年限和不同土层深度土壤无机氮(硝态氮、铵态氮)、酶活性(过氧化氢酶、脲酶、磷酸酶及蔗糖酶)及微生物生物量冬季动态变化。结果表明,研究区各土层(0~10,10~20,20~30,30~40 cm)土壤铵态氮与硝态氮随退耕年限不同逐年递增;除30~40 cm土层外,各土层土壤微生物量碳在退耕较短年限内(1~5 a)总体逐年递减,而在退耕较长年限内(8~31 a)逐年递增;土壤微生物量氮随恢复年限呈先下降(1~4 a)、后稳定(4~15 a)再上升(15~31 a)的趋势;各土层土壤微生物量磷则呈先上升,后下降,再上升的趋势;不同退耕年限间土壤过氧化氢酶活性差异不显著,脲酶、磷酸酶及蔗糖酶活性差异显著(P < 0.05),土壤酶活性总体随土层加深而降低。本试验为石羊河流域的植被恢复、土壤改良和科学管理提供了科学依据。

关键词: 石羊河中下游, 草地土壤, 退耕年限, 理化特性, 土壤酶活性

Abstract:

To study the soil fertility and microbiological mechanisms of secondary grassland in abandoned farmland of Shiyang River in winter, soil inorganic nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen), enzyme activity (Catalase, Urease, Phosphatase and Invertase) and microbial biomass of secondary grassland in abandoned farmland with different restoration years and different soil depths in Shiyang River were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that both soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased in each layer (0~10 cm, 10~20 cm, 20~30 cm, 30~40 cm) with increasing the restoration ages. Except for the 30~40 cm soil layer, soil microbial biomass carbon in other layers had a downward trend within shorter abandoned ages (1 to 5 a) and an upward trend within longer ages (8 to 31 a); soil microbial biomass nitrogen reduced initially (1 to 4 a), then reached a steady level (4 to 15 a) and finally increased (15 to 31 a); soil microbial biomass phosphorus increased at first, then declined and increased afterwards. The activity of Catalase altered insignificantly while that of other three soil enzymes varied significantly in the same layer among different restoration years. Soil enzyme activity declined as the increase of soil depth in the same restoration year. This results can provide a theoretical base for the vegetation recovery, soil improvement and scientific arrangement in Shiyang river area.

Key words: Midstream and downstream of Shiyang river, Grassland soil, Restoration age, Physical and chemical property, Soil enzyme activity

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